Forcepoint Secure Web Gateway

Overview

Forcepoint Secure Web Gateway (SWG) is a proxy, installed on the endpoint, applying routing policies and analyzing the traffic against threats. This product is supported by Forcepoint LLC.

The following Sekoia.io built-in rules match the intake Forcepoint Secure Web Gateway. This documentation is updated automatically and is based solely on the fields used by the intake which are checked against our rules. This means that some rules will be listed but might not be relevant with the intake.

SEKOIA.IO x Forcepoint Secure Web Gateway on ATT&CK Navigator

Account Added To A Security Enabled Group

Detection in order to investigate who has added a specific Domain User in Domain Admins or Group Policy Creator Owners (Security event 4728)

Effort: master

Account Removed From A Security Enabled Group

Detection in order to investigate who has removed a specific Domain User in Domain Admins or Group Policy Creator Owners (Security event 4729)

Effort: master

Burp Suite Tool Detected

Burp Suite is a cybersecurity tool. When used as a proxy service, its purpose is to intercept packets and modify them to send them to the server. Burp Collaborator is a network service that Burp Suite uses to help discover many kinds of vulnerabilities (vulnerabilities scanner).

Effort: intermediate

CVE-2018-11776 Apache Struts2

Apache Struts versions 2.3 to 2.3.34 and 2.5 to 2.5.16 suffer from possible Remote Code Execution when alwaysSelectFullNamespace is true (either by user or a plugin like Convention Plugin) and then: results are used with no namespace and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace and similar to results, same possibility when using url tag which doesn't have value and action set and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace.

Effort: intermediate

CVE-2019-0604 SharePoint

Detects the exploitation of the SharePoint vulnerability (CVE-2019-0604).

Effort: advanced

CVE-2020-0688 Microsoft Exchange Server Exploit

Detects the exploitation of CVE-2020-0688. The POC exploit a .NET serialization vulnerability in the Exchange Control Panel (ECP) web page. The vulnerability is due to Microsoft Exchange Server not randomizing the keys on a per-installation basis resulting in them using the same validationKey and decryptionKey values. With knowledge of these, values an attacker can craft a special viewstate to use an OS command to be executed by NT_AUTHORITY\SYSTEM using .NET deserialization. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker needs to leverage the credentials of an account it had already compromised to authenticate to OWA.

Effort: elementary

CVE-2020-1147 SharePoint

Detection of SharePoint vulnerability CVE-2020-1147.

Effort: advanced

CVE-2020-14882 Oracle WebLogic Server

Detects the exploitation of the Oracle WebLogic Server vulnerability (CVE-2020-16952).

Effort: advanced

CVE-2020-17530 Apache Struts RCE

Detects the exploitation of the Apache Struts RCE vulnerability (CVE-2020-17530).

Effort: intermediate

CVE-2021-20021 SonicWall Unauthenticated Administrator Access

Detects the exploitation of SonicWall Unauthenticated Admin Access.

Effort: advanced

CVE-2021-20023 SonicWall Arbitrary File Read

Detects Arbitrary File Read, which can be used with other vulnerabilities as a mean to obtain outputs generated by attackers, or sensitive data.

Effort: advanced

CVE-2021-21972 VMware vCenter

The vSphere Client (HTML5) contains a remote code execution vulnerability in a vCenter Server plugin. A malicious actor with network access to port 443 may exploit this issue to execute commands with unrestricted privileges on the underlying operating system that hosts vCenter Server. This affects VMware vCenter Server (7.x before 7.0 U1c, 6.7 before 6.7 U3l and 6.5 before 6.5 U3n) and VMware Cloud Foundation (4.x before 4.2 and 3.x before 3.10.1.2). POST request on the following PATH "/ui/vropspluginui/rest/services/uploadova". If in response body (500) the words it has "uploadFile", that means the vCenter is available to accept files via POST without any restrictions.

Effort: intermediate

CVE-2021-21985 VMware vCenter

The VMware vSphere Client (HTML5) contains a remote code execution vulnerability due to lack of input validation in the Virtual SAN Health Check plug-in which is enabled by default in vCenter Server. A malicious actor with network access to port 443 may exploit this issue to execute commands with unrestricted privileges on the underlying operating system that hosts vCenter Server. This affects VMware vCenter Server (7.0 before 7.0 U2b, 6.7 before 6.7 U3n and 6.5 before 6.5 U3p) and VMware Cloud Foundation (4.x before 4.2.1 and 3.x before 3.10.2.1).

Effort: advanced

CVE-2021-22123 Fortinet FortiWeb OS Command Injection

Detects Fortinet FortiWeb OS Command Injection (August 2021) vulnerability exploitation attempt. A remote, authenticated attacker can execute arbitrary commands on the system hosting a vulnerable FortiWeb WAF by sending a POST request with the command in the name field. At the time of writing this rule, it would appear that the request would respond in code 500 for a successful exploitation attempt.

Effort: advanced

CVE-2021-22893 Pulse Connect Secure RCE Vulnerability

Detects potential exploitation of the authentication by-pass vulnerability that can allow an unauthenticated user to perform remote arbitrary file execution on the Pulse Connect Secure gateway. It is highly recommended to apply the Pulse Secure mitigations and seach for indicators of compromise on affected servers if you are in doubt over the integrity of your Pulse Connect Secure product.

Effort: intermediate

CVE-2021-26855 Exchange SSRF

Detects the exploitation of ProyxLogon vulerability on Exchange servers.

Effort: advanced

Computer Account Deleted

Detects computer account deletion.

Effort: master

Detect requests to Konni C2 servers

This rule detects requests to Konni C2 servers. These patterns come from an analysis done in 2022, September.

Effort: elementary

Domain Trust Created Or Removed

A trust was created or removed to a domain. An attacker could perform that in order to do lateral movement easily between domains or shutdown the ability of two domains to communicate.

Effort: advanced

Download Files From Suspicious TLDs

Detects download of certain file types from hosts in suspicious TLDs

Effort: master

Failed Logon Source From Public IP Addresses

A login from a public IP can indicate a misconfigured firewall or network boundary. The sekoia.tags are used to filter internal Ipv4 addresses (10.0.0.0/8 172.16.0.0/12 127.0.0.0/8 169.254.0.0/16 192.168.0.0/16).

Effort: master

FoggyWeb HTTP Default GET/POST Requests

Detects GET or POST request pattern observed within the first FoggyWeb campaign detected by Microsoft.

Effort: advanced

Koadic MSHTML Command

Detects Koadic payload using MSHTML module

Effort: intermediate

Nimbo-C2 User Agent

Nimbo-C2 Uses an unusual User-Agent format in its implants.

Effort: intermediate

Password Change On Directory Service Restore Mode (DSRM) Account

The Directory Service Restore Mode (DSRM) account is a local administrator account on Domain Controllers. Attackers may change the password to gain persistence.

Effort: intermediate

Possible Malicious File Double Extension

Detects request to potential malicious file with double extension

Effort: elementary

Possible Replay Attack

This event can be a sign of Kerberos replay attack or, among other things, network device configuration or routing problems.

Effort: intermediate

Potential Bazar Loader User-Agents

Detects potential Bazar loader communications through the user-agent

Effort: elementary

Potential DNS Tunnel

Detects domain name which is longer than 95 characters. Long domain names are distinctive of DNS tunnels.

Effort: advanced

Potential Lemon Duck User-Agent

Detects LemonDuck user agent. The format used two sets of alphabetical characters separated by dashes, for example "User-Agent: Lemon-Duck-[A-Z]-[A-Z]".

Effort: elementary

Privilege Escalation Awesome Scripts (PEAS)

Detect PEAS privileges escalation scripts and binaries

Effort: elementary

ProxyShell Microsoft Exchange Suspicious Paths

Detects suspicious calls to Microsoft Exchange resources, in locations related to webshells observed in campaigns using this vulnerability.

Effort: elementary

SEKOIA.IO Intelligence Feed

Detect threats based on indicators of compromise (IOCs) collected by SEKOIA's Threat and Detection Research team.

Effort: elementary

Suspicious URI Used In A Lazarus Campaign

Detects suspicious requests to a specific URI, usually on an .asp page. The website is often compromised.

Effort: intermediate

Telegram Bot API Request

Detects suspicious DNS queries to api.telegram.org used by Telegram Bots of any kind

Effort: advanced

User Account Created

Detects user creation on windows servers, which shouldn't happen in an Active Directory environment. Apply this on your windows server logs and not on your DC logs. One default account defaultuser0 is excluded as only used during Windows set-up. This detection use Security Event ID 4720.

Effort: master

User Account Deleted

Detects local user deletion

Effort: master

Event Categories

The following table lists the data source offered by this integration.

Data Source	Description
`Web proxy`	Forcepoint Secure Web Gateway logs provide information about the connected client and the requested resource.
`Web logs`	Forcepoint Secure Web Gateway logs provide information about the connected client and the requested resource.

In details, the following table denotes the type of events produced by this integration.

Name	Values
Kind	``
Category	`network`
Type	``

Event Samples

Find below few samples of events and how they are normalized by Sekoia.io.

test_transaction_blocked.jsontest_transaction_permitted.json

{
    "message": " 0|Forcepoint|Security|8.5.4|9|Transaction blocked|7| act=blocked app=http dvc=9.8.7.6 dst=5.6.7.8 dhost=ctldl.windowsupdate.com dpt=80 src=1.2.3.4 spt=62062 suser=- loginID=- destinationTranslatedPort=0 rt=1653557213000 in=0 out=0 requestMethod=GET requestClientApplication=Microsoft-CryptoAPI/10.0 reason=- cs1Label=Policy cs1=SupAd**_O365_ cs2Label=DynCat cs2=0 cs3Label=ContentType cs3=- cn1Label=DispositionCode cn1=1025 cn2Label=ScanDuration cn2=5 request=http://ctldl.windowsupdate.com/msdownload/update/v3/static/trustedr/en/disallowedcertstl.cab logRecordSource=OnPrem",
    "event": {
        "action": "Transaction blocked",
        "category": [
            "network"
        ],
        "code": "1025",
        "reason": "Category blocked",
        "severity": 7,
        "type": [
            "denied"
        ]
    },
    "@timestamp": "2022-05-26T09:26:53Z",
    "destination": {
        "address": "ctldl.windowsupdate.com",
        "domain": "ctldl.windowsupdate.com",
        "ip": "5.6.7.8",
        "port": 80,
        "registered_domain": "windowsupdate.com",
        "subdomain": "ctldl",
        "top_level_domain": "com"
    },
    "forcepoint": {
        "cef": {
            "version": "0"
        },
        "webgateway": {
            "category": "0",
            "log": {
                "source": "OnPrem"
            },
            "policies": [
                "SupAd**_O365_"
            ]
        }
    },
    "host": {
        "ip": "9.8.7.6"
    },
    "http": {
        "request": {
            "method": "GET"
        }
    },
    "network": {
        "protocol": "http"
    },
    "observer": {
        "product": "Secure Web Gateway",
        "vendor": "Forcepoint",
        "version": "8.5.4"
    },
    "related": {
        "hosts": [
            "ctldl.windowsupdate.com"
        ],
        "ip": [
            "1.2.3.4",
            "5.6.7.8",
            "9.8.7.6"
        ]
    },
    "rule": {
        "id": "9",
        "ruleset": "Information Technology"
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "1.2.3.4",
        "ip": "1.2.3.4",
        "port": 62062
    },
    "url": {
        "domain": "ctldl.windowsupdate.com",
        "original": "http://ctldl.windowsupdate.com/msdownload/update/v3/static/trustedr/en/disallowedcertstl.cab",
        "path": "/msdownload/update/v3/static/trustedr/en/disallowedcertstl.cab",
        "port": 80,
        "registered_domain": "windowsupdate.com",
        "scheme": "http",
        "subdomain": "ctldl",
        "top_level_domain": "com"
    },
    "user_agent": {
        "device": {
            "name": "Other"
        },
        "name": "Microsoft-CryptoAPI",
        "original": "Microsoft-CryptoAPI/10.0",
        "os": {
            "name": "Other"
        },
        "version": "10.0"
    }
}

{
    "message": "0|Forcepoint|Security|8.5.4|222|Transaction permitted|1| act=permitted app=https dvc=9.8.7.6 dst=5.6.7.8 dhost=outlook.office365.com dpt=443 src=1.2.3.4 spt=50345 suser=LDAP://4.3.2.1 OU\\=MyOrg,OU\\=Users,DC\\=Domain,DC\\=LOCAL/User 1 loginID=n_nini destinationTranslatedPort=47486 rt=1653555521000 in=1038458 out=3967 requestMethod=POST requestClientApplication=Microsoft Office/16.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Microsoft Outlook 16.0.10386; Pro) reason=- cs1Label=Policy cs1=SupAd**1,SupAd**2 cs2Label=DynCat cs2=0 cs3Label=ContentType cs3=application/mapi-http cn1Label=DispositionCode cn1=1026 cn2Label=ScanDuration cn2=31 request=https://outlook.office365.com/ logRecordSource=OnPrem",
    "event": {
        "action": "Transaction permitted",
        "category": [
            "network"
        ],
        "code": "1026",
        "reason": "Category permitted",
        "severity": 1,
        "type": [
            "allowed"
        ]
    },
    "@timestamp": "2022-05-26T08:58:41Z",
    "destination": {
        "address": "outlook.office365.com",
        "domain": "outlook.office365.com",
        "ip": "5.6.7.8",
        "nat": {
            "port": 47486
        },
        "port": 443,
        "registered_domain": "office365.com",
        "subdomain": "outlook",
        "top_level_domain": "com"
    },
    "forcepoint": {
        "cef": {
            "version": "0"
        },
        "webgateway": {
            "category": "0",
            "log": {
                "source": "OnPrem"
            },
            "policies": [
                "SupAd**1",
                "SupAd**2"
            ]
        }
    },
    "host": {
        "ip": "9.8.7.6"
    },
    "http": {
        "request": {
            "bytes": 3967,
            "method": "POST",
            "mime_type": "application/mapi-http"
        },
        "response": {
            "bytes": 1038458
        }
    },
    "network": {
        "protocol": "https"
    },
    "observer": {
        "product": "Secure Web Gateway",
        "vendor": "Forcepoint",
        "version": "8.5.4"
    },
    "related": {
        "hosts": [
            "outlook.office365.com"
        ],
        "ip": [
            "1.2.3.4",
            "5.6.7.8",
            "9.8.7.6"
        ],
        "user": [
            "User 1"
        ]
    },
    "rule": {
        "id": "222",
        "ruleset": "Collaboration - Office"
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "1.2.3.4",
        "ip": "1.2.3.4",
        "port": 50345
    },
    "url": {
        "domain": "outlook.office365.com",
        "original": "https://outlook.office365.com/",
        "path": "/",
        "port": 443,
        "registered_domain": "office365.com",
        "scheme": "https",
        "subdomain": "outlook",
        "top_level_domain": "com"
    },
    "user": {
        "domain": "OU\\=MyOrg,OU\\=Users,DC\\=Domain,DC\\=LOCAL",
        "id": "n_nini",
        "name": "User 1"
    },
    "user_agent": {
        "device": {
            "name": "Other"
        },
        "name": "Outlook",
        "original": "Microsoft Office/16.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Microsoft Outlook 16.0.10386; Pro)",
        "os": {
            "name": "Windows",
            "version": "10"
        },
        "version": "2016"
    }
}

Extracted Fields

The following table lists the fields that are extracted, normalized under the ECS format, analyzed and indexed by the parser. It should be noted that infered fields are not listed.

Name	Type	Description
`@timestamp`	`date`	Date/time when the event originated.
`destination.domain`	`keyword`	The domain name of the destination.
`destination.ip`	`ip`	IP address of the destination.
`destination.nat.port`	`long`	Destination NAT Port
`destination.port`	`long`	Port of the destination.
`event.action`	`keyword`	The action captured by the event.
`event.category`	`keyword`	Event category. The second categorization field in the hierarchy.
`event.code`	`keyword`	Identification code for this event.
`event.duration`	`long`	Duration of the event in nanoseconds.
`event.severity`	`long`	Numeric severity of the event.
`forcepoint.cef.version`	`keyword`	The version of the CEF message
`forcepoint.webgateway.category`	`keyword`	The category determined by real-time content analysis
`forcepoint.webgateway.log.source`	`keyword`	The origin of the log
`forcepoint.webgateway.policies`	`keyword`	The policies applied to the request
`host.ip`	`ip`	Host ip addresses.
`http.request.bytes`	`long`	Total size in bytes of the request (body and headers).
`http.request.method`	`keyword`	HTTP request method.
`http.request.mime_type`	`keyword`	Mime type of the body of the request.
`http.response.bytes`	`long`	Total size in bytes of the response (body and headers).
`network.protocol`	`keyword`	Application protocol name.
`observer.product`	`keyword`	The product name of the observer.
`observer.vendor`	`keyword`	Vendor name of the observer.
`observer.version`	`keyword`	Observer version.
`rule.id`	`keyword`	Rule ID
`source.ip`	`ip`	IP address of the source.
`source.port`	`long`	Port of the source.
`url.original`	`wildcard`	Unmodified original url as seen in the event source.
`user.domain`	`keyword`	Name of the directory the user is a member of.
`user.id`	`keyword`	Unique identifier of the user.
`user.name`	`keyword`	Short name or login of the user.
`user_agent.original`	`keyword`	Unparsed user_agent string.

Configure

In this guide, you will configure the gateway to forward events to syslog.

This procedure should be repeated for each Forcepoint Policy Server.

Prerequisites

An internal syslog concentrator is required to collect and forward events to Sekoia.io.

Enable SIEM Integration

Log on the Web Security module of the Forcepoint Security Manager and navigate to Settings > General > SIEM Integration.

In the Internet Activity Log Data, Click on the button Add. Provide the IP address, the transport protocol (recommending TCP) and the listening port (514) of the concentrator. Select the syslog/CEF as SIEM format. Click OK then Save and Deploy to enable the integration.

Create the intake

Go to the intake page and create a new intake from the format Forcepoint Secure Web Gateway.

Forward logs to Sekoia.io

Please consult the Syslog Forwarding documentation to forward these logs to Sekoia.io.