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Cato SASE

Overview

Cato Networks is a software company providing solutions to protect cloud applications. Cato SASE Cloud provides zero trust network access to on-premises and cloud applications.

  • Vendor: Cato Networks
  • Supported environment: Cloud
  • Detection based on: Telemetry / Alert
  • Supported application or feature: Application, Web, Authentication

Configure

This setup guide will show you how to provide an integration between Cato SASE events and Sekoia.io.

Enable the EventsFeed API

  1. Log in to your Cato Management Application
  2. Click on the Administration section then click on API & Integrations Administration
  3. Select the tab Events Integration
  4. Click on Enable integration with Cato events Administration

Generate the API key

To collect the events from the Cato Networks platform, an API key is required:

  1. Click on the Administration section then click on API & Integrations
  2. Click on the button New to generate a new API key
  3. On the panel, give a name to the api key, select the View permission Administration
  4. Click on apply and copy the API key

In addition to the API key, Cato account ID is also required for the Account configuration in Sekoia

Note

In the Cato Management Application, please note the four or five digits in the browser address.

Create an intake

Go to the intake page and create a new intake from the format Cato SASE. Copy the intake key.

Pull events

To start to pull events, you have to:

  1. Go to the playbooks page and create a new playbook with the Cato SASE trigger
  2. Set up the module configuration with the Api Key and Account Id. Set up the trigger configuration with the intake key
  3. Start the playbook and enjoy your events

Raw Events Samples

In this section, you will find examples of raw logs as generated natively by the source. These examples are provided to help integrators understand the data format before ingestion into Sekoia.io. It is crucial for setting up the correct parsing stages and ensuring that all relevant information is captured.

{
    "event_time": "2021-12-01T15:07:11Z",
    "account_id": "1714",
    "action": "Block",
    "dest_ip": "10.64.4.10",
    "dest_is_site_or_vpn": "Site",
    "dest_port": "22",
    "event_count": "1",
    "event_sub_type": "IPS",
    "event_type": "Security",
    "internalId": "M9w5A3mkAa",
    "ip_protocol": "TCP",
    "mitre_attack_subtechniques": "",
    "mitre_attack_tactics": "",
    "mitre_attack_techniques": "",
    "os_type": "OS_UNKNOWN",
    "pop_name": "Dublin",
    "risk_level": "Medium",
    "rule": "3605",
    "rule_id": "3605",
    "signature_id": "feed_ips15_ssh",
    "src_country": "China",
    "src_ip": "61.177.173.13",
    "src_is_site_or_vpn": "Site",
    "src_port": "47046",
    "src_site": "Reflector",
    "threat_name": "IP reputation based signature - Network Scanner",
    "threat_reference": "https://support.catonetworks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011568478",
    "threat_type": "Reputation",
    "time": "1650596005910",
    "traffic_direction": "INBOUND",
    "event_timestamp": "2022-04-22T02:53:25Z"
}

{
    "account_id": "1714",
    "action": "Succeeded",
    "authentication_type": "Password",
    "event_count": "1",
    "event_sub_type": "Cato Management Application",
    "event_type": "Connectivity",
    "internalId": "fN6RlumJ1s",
    "login_type": "Admin Login",
    "src_country": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland",
    "src_ip": "185.69.144.176",
    "src_is_site_or_vpn": "VPN User",
    "src_site": "4472",
    "time": "1651158043764",
    "user_name": "Peter Lee",
    "vpn_user_email": "peter@xxx.com",
    "event_timestamp": "2022-04-28T15:00:43Z"
}

{
    "ISP_name": "Vodafone Ltd",
    "account_id": "1714",
    "action": "Succeeded",
    "client_version": "4.5.2",
    "device_name": "Peter\u2019s MacBook Pro",
    "event_count": "1",
    "event_sub_type": "Connected",
    "event_type": "Connectivity",
    "internalId": "qV6DEyT6wP",
    "link_type": "Cato",
    "os_type": "OS_MAC",
    "os_version": "11.6.0",
    "pop_name": "London",
    "src_country": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland",
    "src_ip": "10.41.6.171",
    "src_is_site_or_vpn": "VPN User",
    "src_isp_ip": "185.69.145.183",
    "src_site": "Peter James",
    "time": "1651172220000",
    "tunnel_protocol": "DTLS",
    "vpn_user_email": "peter@xxx.com",
    "event_timestamp": "2022-04-28T18:57:00Z"
}

{
    "ISP_name": "Vodafone Ltd",
    "account_id": "1714",
    "action": "Monitor",
    "application": "Technological apps",
    "categories": "Computers and Technology",
    "custom_categories": "Allowed Internet for Guests, Domain User Internet",
    "dest_country": "United States of America",
    "dest_ip": "44.240.37.33",
    "dest_port": "443",
    "domain_name": "push.services.mozilla.com",
    "event_count": "1",
    "event_sub_type": "Internet Firewall",
    "event_type": "Security",
    "internalId": "UK8P5Uy7ms",
    "ip_protocol": "TCP",
    "is_sanctioned_app": "false",
    "os_type": "OS_MAC",
    "os_version": "11.6.0",
    "pop_name": "Melbourne",
    "rule": "Track All",
    "rule_id": "5957",
    "rule_name": "Track All",
    "src_country": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland",
    "src_ip": "10.41.169.183",
    "src_is_site_or_vpn": "VPN User",
    "src_isp_ip": "185.69.144.161",
    "src_site": "Peter James",
    "time": "1650741710842",
    "vpn_user_email": "peter@xxx.com",
    "event_timestamp": "2022-04-23T19:21:50Z"
}

{
    "account_id": "1714",
    "action": "Block",
    "dest_ip": "10.64.4.10",
    "dest_is_site_or_vpn": "Site",
    "dest_port": "22",
    "event_count": "1",
    "event_sub_type": "IPS",
    "event_type": "Security",
    "internalId": "M9w5A3mkAa",
    "ip_protocol": "TCP",
    "mitre_attack_subtechniques": "",
    "mitre_attack_tactics": "",
    "mitre_attack_techniques": "",
    "os_type": "OS_UNKNOWN",
    "pop_name": "Dublin",
    "risk_level": "Medium",
    "rule": "3605",
    "rule_id": "3605",
    "signature_id": "feed_ips15_ssh",
    "src_country": "China",
    "src_ip": "61.177.173.13",
    "src_is_site_or_vpn": "Site",
    "src_port": "47046",
    "src_site": "Reflector",
    "threat_name": "IP reputation based signature - Network Scanner",
    "threat_reference": "https://support.catonetworks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011568478",
    "threat_type": "Reputation",
    "time": "1650596005910",
    "traffic_direction": "INBOUND",
    "event_timestamp": "2022-04-22T02:53:25Z"
}

{
    "event_time": "2023-10-12T09:48:09Z",
    "ISP_name": "Vodafone",
    "account_id": "8517",
    "action": "Block",
    "cato_app": "http",
    "dest_country": "United States",
    "dest_country_code": "US",
    "dest_ip": "5.6.7.8",
    "dest_is_site_or_vpn": "Site",
    "dest_port": "443",
    "dest_site": "-1",
    "domain_name": "www.example.org",
    "event_count": "1",
    "event_sub_type": "IPS",
    "event_type": "Security",
    "full_path_url": "",
    "internalId": "bW49YVhZqg",
    "ip_protocol": "TCP",
    "mitre_attack_subtechniques": "",
    "mitre_attack_tactics": "Initial Access (TA0001), Reconnaissance (TA0043)",
    "mitre_attack_techniques": "Phishing (T1566), Phishing for Information (T1598)",
    "os_type": "OS_WINDOWS",
    "pop_name": "Paris",
    "risk_level": "Medium",
    "rule": "39711",
    "rule_id": "39711",
    "signature_id": "feed_vt_url_phishing",
    "src_country": "France",
    "src_country_code": "FR",
    "src_ip": "1.2.3.4",
    "src_is_site_or_vpn": "Site",
    "src_isp_ip": "90.83.111.11",
    "src_port": "58672",
    "src_site": "EXAMPLE-DC",
    "threat_name": "Domain reputation based signature - Phishing",
    "threat_reference": "https://support.catonetworks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011568478",
    "threat_type": "Reputation",
    "time": "1697104089849",
    "traffic_direction": "OUTBOUND"
}

{
    "event_time": "2023-10-12T09:48:09Z",
    "ISP_name": "Vodafone",
    "account_id": "8517",
    "action": "Block",
    "cato_app": "http",
    "dest_country": "United States",
    "dest_country_code": "US",
    "dest_ip": "5.6.7.8",
    "dest_is_site_or_vpn": "Site",
    "dest_port": "443",
    "dest_site": "-1",
    "domain_name": "www.example.org",
    "event_count": "1",
    "event_sub_type": "IPS",
    "event_type": "Security",
    "full_path_url": "",
    "internalId": "RElf2tix4X",
    "ip_protocol": "TCP",
    "mitre_attack_subtechniques": "",
    "mitre_attack_tactics": "Initial Access (TA0001), Reconnaissance (TA0043)",
    "mitre_attack_techniques": "Phishing (T1566), Phishing for Information (T1598)",
    "os_type": "OS_WINDOWS",
    "pop_name": "Paris",
    "risk_level": "Medium",
    "rule": "39711",
    "rule_id": "39711",
    "signature_id": "feed_vt_url_phishing",
    "src_country": "France",
    "src_country_code": "FR",
    "src_ip": "1.2.3.4",
    "src_is_site_or_vpn": "Site",
    "src_isp_ip": "90.83.111.11",
    "src_port": "58672",
    "src_site": "EXAMPLE-DC",
    "threat_name": "Domain reputation based signature - Phishing",
    "threat_reference": "https://support.catonetworks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011568478",
    "threat_type": "Reputation",
    "time": "1697104089898",
    "traffic_direction": "OUTBOUND",
    "url": "/url/2023/34802/08/27055081/twitter.png"
}

{
    "account_id": "1714",
    "action": "Block",
    "application": "Suspected apps",
    "dest_country": "Ireland",
    "dest_ip": "52.51.102.52",
    "dest_port": "443",
    "domain_name": "reflector.peterljames.org",
    "event_count": "1",
    "event_sub_type": "NG Anti Malware",
    "event_type": "Security",
    "file_hash": "70355dcf91019652e32eba67140a2708232a1fa786f90446d7984afe314f63f3",
    "file_name": "eicar.exe",
    "file_size": "68",
    "indicator": "EICAR-SENTINEL-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE",
    "internalId": "QCzt6ht6GY",
    "os_type": "OS_MAC",
    "os_version": "11.6.0",
    "pop_name": "London",
    "rule": "0",
    "rule_id": "0",
    "src_ip": "10.41.173.156",
    "src_is_site_or_vpn": "VPN User",
    "src_site": "Peter James",
    "threat_name": "malware",
    "threat_verdict": "virus_found",
    "time": "1651045480623",
    "url": "https://reflec.xxx.com /eicar.exe",
    "vpn_user_email": "peter@xxx.com",
    "event_timestamp": "2022-04-27T07:44:40Z"
}

{
    "account_id": "1714",
    "action": "Allow",
    "dest_country": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland",
    "dest_ip": "85.255.16.36",
    "dest_port": "22",
    "dest_site": "Reflector",
    "event_count": "6",
    "event_sub_type": "RPF",
    "event_type": "Security",
    "internalId": "cAmaGkX3na",
    "os_type": "OS_UNKNOWN",
    "pop_name": "London",
    "rule": "RPF22",
    "rule_id": "15366",
    "rule_name": "RPF22",
    "src_country": "China",
    "src_ip": "61.177.173.13",
    "time": "1650618945981",
    "event_timestamp": "2022-04-22T09:15:45Z"
}

Detection section

The following section provides information for those who wish to learn more about the detection capabilities enabled by collecting this intake. It includes details about the built-in rule catalog, event categories, and ECS fields extracted from raw events. This is essential for users aiming to create custom detection rules, perform hunting activities, or pivot in the events page.

The following Sekoia.io built-in rules match the intake Cato Networks SASE. This documentation is updated automatically and is based solely on the fields used by the intake which are checked against our rules. This means that some rules will be listed but might not be relevant with the intake.

SEKOIA.IO x Cato Networks SASE on ATT&CK Navigator

Advanced IP Scanner

Detects the use of Advanced IP Scanner. Seems to be a popular tool for ransomware groups.

  • Effort: master
Burp Suite Tool Detected

Burp Suite is a cybersecurity tool. When used as a proxy service, its purpose is to intercept packets and modify them to send them to the server. Burp Collaborator is a network service that Burp Suite uses to help discover many kinds of vulnerabilities (vulnerabilities scanner).

  • Effort: intermediate
CVE-2020-0688 Microsoft Exchange Server Exploit

Detects the exploitation of CVE-2020-0688. The POC exploit a .NET serialization vulnerability in the Exchange Control Panel (ECP) web page. The vulnerability is due to Microsoft Exchange Server not randomizing the keys on a per-installation basis resulting in them using the same validationKey and decryptionKey values. With knowledge of these, values an attacker can craft a special viewstate to use an OS command to be executed by NT_AUTHORITY\SYSTEM using .NET deserialization. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker needs to leverage the credentials of an account it had already compromised to authenticate to OWA.

  • Effort: elementary
CVE-2020-17530 Apache Struts RCE

Detects the exploitation of the Apache Struts RCE vulnerability (CVE-2020-17530).

  • Effort: intermediate
CVE-2021-20021 SonicWall Unauthenticated Administrator Access

Detects the exploitation of SonicWall Unauthenticated Admin Access.

  • Effort: advanced
CVE-2021-20023 SonicWall Arbitrary File Read

Detects Arbitrary File Read, which can be used with other vulnerabilities as a mean to obtain outputs generated by attackers, or sensitive data.

  • Effort: advanced
CVE-2021-22893 Pulse Connect Secure RCE Vulnerability

Detects potential exploitation of the authentication by-pass vulnerability that can allow an unauthenticated user to perform remote arbitrary file execution on the Pulse Connect Secure gateway. It is highly recommended to apply the Pulse Secure mitigations and seach for indicators of compromise on affected servers if you are in doubt over the integrity of your Pulse Connect Secure product.

  • Effort: intermediate
Cato Networks SASE High Risk Alert

Cato Networks SASE intrusion detection has detected a high risk alert.

  • Effort: master
Certify Or Certipy

Detects the use of certify and certipy which are two different tools used to enumerate and abuse Active Directory Certificate Services.

  • Effort: advanced
Cobalt Strike Default Beacons Names

Detects the default names of Cobalt Strike beacons / payloads.

  • Effort: intermediate
Credential Dump Tools Related Files

Detects processes or file names related to credential dumping tools and the dropped files they generate by default.

  • Effort: advanced
Cryptomining

Detection of domain names potentially related to cryptomining activities.

  • Effort: master
Detect requests to Konni C2 servers

This rule detects requests to Konni C2 servers. These patterns come from an analysis done in 2022, September.

  • Effort: elementary
Discord Suspicious Download

Discord is a messaging application. It allows users to create their own communities to share messages and attachments. Those attachments have little to no overview and can be downloaded by almost anyone, which has been abused by attackers to host malicious payloads.

  • Effort: intermediate
Download Files From Suspicious TLDs

Detects download of certain file types from hosts in suspicious TLDs

  • Effort: master
Dynamic DNS Contacted

Detect communication with dynamic dns domain. This kind of domain is often used by attackers. This rule can trigger false positive in non-controlled environment because dynamic dns is not always malicious.

  • Effort: master
Entra ID Sign-In Via Known AiTM Phishing Kit

Detects a sign-in attempt from an IP address belonging to a known adversary-in-the-middle phishing kit.

  • Effort: elementary
Exfiltration Domain

Detects traffic toward a domain flagged as a possible exfiltration vector.

  • Effort: master
HTA Infection Chains

Detect the creation of a ZIP file and an HTA file as it is often used in infection chains. Furthermore it also detects the use of suspicious processes launched by explorer.exe combined with the creation of an HTA file, since it is also often used in infection chains (LNK - HTA for instance).

  • Effort: intermediate
HTML Smuggling Suspicious Usage

Based on several samples from different botnets, this rule aims at detecting HTML infection chain by looking for HTML created files followed by suspicious files being executed.

  • Effort: intermediate
HackTools Suspicious Names

Quick-win rule to detect the default process names or file names of several HackTools.

  • Effort: elementary
ISO LNK Infection Chain

Detection of an ISO (or any other similar archive file) downloaded file, followed by a child-process of explorer, which is characteristic of an infection using an ISO containing an LNK file. For events with host.name.

  • Effort: intermediate
Internet Scanner

Detects known scanner IP addresses. Alert is only raised when the scan hits an opened port, on TCP or UDP. This could be a very noisy rule, so be careful to check your detection perimeter before activation.

  • Effort: master
Internet Scanner Target

Detects known scanner IP addresses. Alert is only raised when the scan hits an opened port, on TCP or UDP and group by target address. This could be a very noisy rule, so be careful to check your detection perimeter before activation.

  • Effort: master
Koadic MSHTML Command

Detects Koadic payload using MSHTML module

  • Effort: intermediate
PasswordDump SecurityXploded Tool

Detects the execution of the PasswordDump SecurityXploded Tool

  • Effort: elementary
Possible Malicious File Double Extension

Detects request to potential malicious file with double extension

  • Effort: elementary
ProxyShell Microsoft Exchange Suspicious Paths

Detects suspicious calls to Microsoft Exchange resources, in locations related to webshells observed in campaigns using this vulnerability.

  • Effort: elementary
RSA SecurID Failed Authentification

Detects many failed attempts to authenticate followed by a successfull login for a super admin account.

  • Effort: advanced
RTLO Character

Detects RTLO (Right-To-Left character) in file and process names.

  • Effort: elementary
Raccoon Stealer 2.0 Legitimate Third-Party DLL Download URL

Detects Raccoon Stealer 2.0 malware downloading legitimate third-party DLLs from its C2 server. These legitimate DLLs are used by the information stealer to collect data on the compromised hosts.

  • Effort: elementary
Remote Access Tool Domain

Detects traffic toward a domain flagged as a Remote Administration Tool (RAT).

  • Effort: master
SEKOIA.IO Intelligence Feed

Detect threats based on indicators of compromise (IOCs) collected by SEKOIA's Threat and Detection Research team.

  • Effort: elementary
Sekoia.io EICAR Detection

Detects observables in Sekoia.io CTI tagged as EICAR, which are fake samples meant to test detection.

  • Effort: master
Suspicious Download Links From Legitimate Services

Detects users clicking on Google docs links to download suspicious files. This technique was used a lot by Bazar Loader in the past.

  • Effort: intermediate
Suspicious File Name

Detects suspicious file name possibly linked to malicious tool.

  • Effort: advanced
Suspicious PROCEXP152.sys File Created In Tmp

Detects the creation of the PROCEXP152.sys file in the application-data local temporary folder. This driver is used by Sysinternals Process Explorer but also by KDU (https://github.com/hfiref0x/KDU) or Ghost-In-The-Logs (https://github.com/bats3c/Ghost-In-The-Logs), which uses KDU. Note - Clever attackers may easily bypass this detection by just renaming the driver filename. Therefore just Medium-level and don't rely on it.

  • Effort: advanced
Suspicious TOR Gateway

Detects suspicious TOR gateways. Gateways are often used by the victim to pay and decrypt the encrypted files without installing TOR. Tor intercepts the network traffic from one or more apps on user’s computer, usually the user web browser, and shuffles it through a number of randomly-chosen computers before passing it on to its destination. This disguises user location, and makes it harder for servers to pick him/her out on repeat visits, or to tie together separate visits to different sites, this making tracking and surveillance more difficult. Before a network packet starts its journey, user’s computer chooses a random list of relays and repeatedly encrypts the data in multiple layers, like an onion. Each relay knows only enough to strip off the outermost layer of encryption, before passing what’s left on to the next relay in the list.

  • Effort: advanced
Suspicious URI Used In A Lazarus Campaign

Detects suspicious requests to a specific URI, usually on an .asp page. The website is often compromised.

  • Effort: intermediate
TOR Usage

Detects TOR usage, based on the IP address and the destination port (filtered on NTP). TOR is short for The Onion Router, and it gets its name from how it works. TOR intercepts the network traffic from one or more apps on user’s computer, usually the user web browser, and shuffles it through a number of randomly-chosen computers before passing it on to its destination. This disguises user location, and makes it harder for servers to pick him/her out on repeat visits, or to tie together separate visits to different sites, this making tracking and surveillance more difficult. Before a network packet starts its journey, user’s computer chooses a random list of relays and repeatedly encrypts the data in multiple layers, like an onion. Each relay knows only enough to strip off the outermost layer of encryption, before passing what’s left on to the next relay in the list.

  • Effort: master
TOR Usage Generic Rule

Detects TOR usage globally, whether the IP is a destination or source. TOR is short for The Onion Router, and it gets its name from how it works. TOR intercepts the network traffic from one or more apps on user’s computer, usually the user web browser, and shuffles it through a number of randomly-chosen computers before passing it on to its destination. This disguises user location, and makes it harder for servers to pick him/her out on repeat visits, or to tie together separate visits to different sites, this making tracking and surveillance more difficult. Before a network packet starts its journey, user’s computer chooses a random list of relays and repeatedly encrypts the data in multiple layers, like an onion. Each relay knows only enough to strip off the outermost layer of encryption, before passing what’s left on to the next relay in the list.

  • Effort: master
WCE wceaux.dll Creation

Detects wceaux.dll creation while Windows Credentials Editor (WCE) is executed.

  • Effort: intermediate
ZIP LNK Infection Chain

Detection of an ZIP download followed by a child-process of explorer, followed by multiple Windows processes.This is widely used as an infection chain mechanism.

  • Effort: advanced

Event Categories

The following table lists the data source offered by this integration.

Data Source Description
Application logs collect activities from the source
Web logs collect network activities from source
Network intrusion detection system collect intrusion detection from source
Network protocol analysis collect network activities from source
Authentication logs collect audit log from the source

In details, the following table denotes the type of events produced by this integration.

Name Values
Kind ``
Category authentication, intrusion_detection, malware, network
Type allowed, denied, info, start

Transformed Events Samples after Ingestion

This section demonstrates how the raw logs will be transformed by our parsers. It shows the extracted fields that will be available for use in the built-in detection rules and hunting activities in the events page. Understanding these transformations is essential for analysts to create effective detection mechanisms with custom detection rules and to leverage the full potential of the collected data.

{
    "message": "{\"event_time\":\"2021-12-01T15:07:11Z\",\"account_id\":\"1714\",\"action\":\"Block\",\"dest_ip\":\"10.64.4.10\",\"dest_is_site_or_vpn\":\"Site\",\"dest_port\":\"22\",\"event_count\":\"1\",\"event_sub_type\":\"IPS\",\"event_type\":\"Security\",\"internalId\":\"M9w5A3mkAa\",\"ip_protocol\":\"TCP\",\"mitre_attack_subtechniques\":\"\",\"mitre_attack_tactics\":\"\",\"mitre_attack_techniques\":\"\",\"os_type\":\"OS_UNKNOWN\",\"pop_name\":\"Dublin\",\"risk_level\":\"Medium\",\"rule\":\"3605\",\"rule_id\":\"3605\",\"signature_id\":\"feed_ips15_ssh\",\"src_country\":\"China\",\"src_ip\":\"61.177.173.13\",\"src_is_site_or_vpn\":\"Site\",\"src_port\":\"47046\",\"src_site\":\"Reflector\",\"threat_name\":\"IP reputation based signature - Network Scanner\",\"threat_reference\":\"https://support.catonetworks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011568478\",\"threat_type\":\"Reputation\",\"time\":\"1650596005910\",\"traffic_direction\":\"INBOUND\",\"event_timestamp\":\"2022-04-22T02:53:25Z\"}",
    "event": {
        "action": "block",
        "category": [
            "intrusion_detection"
        ],
        "type": [
            "denied"
        ]
    },
    "@timestamp": "2021-12-01T15:07:11Z",
    "cato": {
        "sase": {
            "event_sub_type": "IPS",
            "event_type": "Security",
            "risk_level": "Medium",
            "threat_type": "Reputation"
        }
    },
    "destination": {
        "address": "10.64.4.10",
        "ip": "10.64.4.10",
        "port": 22
    },
    "host": {
        "os": {
            "type": "unknown"
        }
    },
    "network": {
        "direction": "INBOUND",
        "transport": "TCP"
    },
    "related": {
        "ip": [
            "10.64.4.10",
            "61.177.173.13"
        ]
    },
    "rule": {
        "id": "3605"
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "61.177.173.13",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "China"
        },
        "ip": "61.177.173.13",
        "port": 47046
    },
    "threat": {
        "indicator": {
            "description": "IP reputation based signature - Network Scanner",
            "ip": "61.177.173.13",
            "name": "61.177.173.13",
            "reference": "61.177.173.13",
            "type": "ip"
        }
    }
}

{
    "message": "{\"account_id\":\"1714\",\"action\":\"Succeeded\",\"authentication_type\":\"Password\",\"event_count\":\"1\",\"event_sub_type\":\"Cato Management Application\",\"event_type\":\"Connectivity\",\"internalId\":\"fN6RlumJ1s\",\"login_type\":\"Admin Login\",\"src_country\":\"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland\",\"src_ip\":\"185.69.144.176\",\"src_is_site_or_vpn\":\"VPN User\",\"src_site\":\"4472\",\"time\":\"1651158043764\",\"user_name\":\"Peter Lee\",\"vpn_user_email\":\"peter@xxx.com\",\"event_timestamp\":\"2022-04-28T15:00:43Z\"}",
    "event": {
        "action": "succeeded",
        "category": [
            "authentication"
        ],
        "type": [
            "start"
        ]
    },
    "cato": {
        "sase": {
            "event_sub_type": "Cato Management Application",
            "event_type": "Connectivity"
        }
    },
    "related": {
        "ip": [
            "185.69.144.176"
        ],
        "user": [
            "Peter Lee"
        ]
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "185.69.144.176",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"
        },
        "ip": "185.69.144.176"
    },
    "user": {
        "email": "peter@xxx.com",
        "name": "Peter Lee"
    }
}

{
    "message": "{\"ISP_name\":\"Vodafone Ltd\",\"account_id\":\"1714\",\"action\":\"Succeeded\",\"client_version\":\"4.5.2\",\"device_name\":\"Peter\u2019s MacBook Pro\",\"event_count\":\"1\",\"event_sub_type\":\"Connected\",\"event_type\":\"Connectivity\",\"internalId\":\"qV6DEyT6wP\",\"link_type\":\"Cato\",\"os_type\":\"OS_MAC\",\"os_version\":\"11.6.0\",\"pop_name\":\"London\",\"src_country\":\"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland\",\"src_ip\":\"10.41.6.171\",\"src_is_site_or_vpn\":\"VPN User\",\"src_isp_ip\":\"185.69.145.183\",\"src_site\":\"Peter James\",\"time\":\"1651172220000\",\"tunnel_protocol\":\"DTLS\",\"vpn_user_email\":\"peter@xxx.com\",\"event_timestamp\":\"2022-04-28T18:57:00Z\"}",
    "event": {
        "action": "succeeded",
        "category": [
            "network"
        ],
        "type": [
            "start"
        ]
    },
    "agent": {
        "version": "4.5.2"
    },
    "cato": {
        "sase": {
            "event_sub_type": "Connected",
            "event_type": "Connectivity"
        }
    },
    "host": {
        "name": "Peter\u2019s MacBook Pro",
        "os": {
            "type": "macos",
            "version": "11.6.0"
        }
    },
    "related": {
        "ip": [
            "10.41.6.171",
            "185.69.145.183"
        ]
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "10.41.6.171",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"
        },
        "ip": "10.41.6.171",
        "nat": {
            "ip": "185.69.145.183"
        }
    },
    "user": {
        "email": "peter@xxx.com"
    }
}

{
    "message": "{\"ISP_name\":\"Vodafone Ltd\",\"account_id\":\"1714\",\"action\":\"Monitor\",\"application\":\"Technological apps\",\"categories\":\"Computers and Technology\",\"custom_categories\":\"Allowed Internet for Guests, Domain User Internet\",\"dest_country\":\"United States of America\",\"dest_ip\":\"44.240.37.33\",\"dest_port\":\"443\",\"domain_name\":\"push.services.mozilla.com\",\"event_count\":\"1\",\"event_sub_type\":\"Internet Firewall\",\"event_type\":\"Security\",\"internalId\":\"UK8P5Uy7ms\",\"ip_protocol\":\"TCP\",\"is_sanctioned_app\":\"false\",\"os_type\":\"OS_MAC\",\"os_version\":\"11.6.0\",\"pop_name\":\"Melbourne\",\"rule\":\"Track All\",\"rule_id\":\"5957\",\"rule_name\":\"Track All\",\"src_country\":\"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland\",\"src_ip\":\"10.41.169.183\",\"src_is_site_or_vpn\":\"VPN User\",\"src_isp_ip\":\"185.69.144.161\",\"src_site\":\"Peter James\",\"time\":\"1650741710842\",\"vpn_user_email\":\"peter@xxx.com\",\"event_timestamp\":\"2022-04-23T19:21:50Z\"}",
    "event": {
        "action": "monitor",
        "category": [
            "network"
        ],
        "type": [
            "info"
        ]
    },
    "cato": {
        "sase": {
            "event_sub_type": "Internet Firewall",
            "event_type": "Security"
        }
    },
    "destination": {
        "address": "44.240.37.33",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "United States of America"
        },
        "ip": "44.240.37.33",
        "port": 443
    },
    "host": {
        "os": {
            "type": "macos",
            "version": "11.6.0"
        }
    },
    "network": {
        "transport": "TCP"
    },
    "related": {
        "ip": [
            "10.41.169.183",
            "185.69.144.161",
            "44.240.37.33"
        ]
    },
    "rule": {
        "id": "Track All",
        "name": "Track All"
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "10.41.169.183",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"
        },
        "ip": "10.41.169.183",
        "nat": {
            "ip": "185.69.144.161"
        }
    },
    "user": {
        "email": "peter@xxx.com"
    }
}

{
    "message": "{\"account_id\":\"1714\",\"action\":\"Block\",\"dest_ip\":\"10.64.4.10\",\"dest_is_site_or_vpn\":\"Site\",\"dest_port\":\"22\",\"event_count\":\"1\",\"event_sub_type\":\"IPS\",\"event_type\":\"Security\",\"internalId\":\"M9w5A3mkAa\",\"ip_protocol\":\"TCP\",\"mitre_attack_subtechniques\":\"\",\"mitre_attack_tactics\":\"\",\"mitre_attack_techniques\":\"\",\"os_type\":\"OS_UNKNOWN\",\"pop_name\":\"Dublin\",\"risk_level\":\"Medium\",\"rule\":\"3605\",\"rule_id\":\"3605\",\"signature_id\":\"feed_ips15_ssh\",\"src_country\":\"China\",\"src_ip\":\"61.177.173.13\",\"src_is_site_or_vpn\":\"Site\",\"src_port\":\"47046\",\"src_site\":\"Reflector\",\"threat_name\":\"IP reputation based signature - Network Scanner\",\"threat_reference\":\"https://support.catonetworks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011568478\",\"threat_type\":\"Reputation\",\"time\":\"1650596005910\",\"traffic_direction\":\"INBOUND\",\"event_timestamp\":\"2022-04-22T02:53:25Z\"}",
    "event": {
        "action": "block",
        "category": [
            "intrusion_detection"
        ],
        "type": [
            "denied"
        ]
    },
    "cato": {
        "sase": {
            "event_sub_type": "IPS",
            "event_type": "Security",
            "risk_level": "Medium",
            "threat_type": "Reputation"
        }
    },
    "destination": {
        "address": "10.64.4.10",
        "ip": "10.64.4.10",
        "port": 22
    },
    "host": {
        "os": {
            "type": "unknown"
        }
    },
    "network": {
        "direction": "INBOUND",
        "transport": "TCP"
    },
    "related": {
        "ip": [
            "10.64.4.10",
            "61.177.173.13"
        ]
    },
    "rule": {
        "id": "3605"
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "61.177.173.13",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "China"
        },
        "ip": "61.177.173.13",
        "port": 47046
    },
    "threat": {
        "indicator": {
            "description": "IP reputation based signature - Network Scanner",
            "ip": "61.177.173.13",
            "name": "61.177.173.13",
            "reference": "61.177.173.13",
            "type": "ip"
        }
    }
}

{
    "message": "{\"event_time\": \"2023-10-12T09:48:09Z\", \"ISP_name\": \"Vodafone\", \"account_id\": \"8517\", \"action\": \"Block\", \"cato_app\": \"http\", \"dest_country\": \"United States\", \"dest_country_code\": \"US\", \"dest_ip\": \"5.6.7.8\", \"dest_is_site_or_vpn\": \"Site\", \"dest_port\": \"443\", \"dest_site\": \"-1\", \"domain_name\": \"www.example.org\", \"event_count\": \"1\", \"event_sub_type\": \"IPS\", \"event_type\": \"Security\", \"full_path_url\": \"\", \"internalId\": \"bW49YVhZqg\", \"ip_protocol\": \"TCP\", \"mitre_attack_subtechniques\": \"\", \"mitre_attack_tactics\": \"Initial Access (TA0001), Reconnaissance (TA0043)\", \"mitre_attack_techniques\": \"Phishing (T1566), Phishing for Information (T1598)\", \"os_type\": \"OS_WINDOWS\", \"pop_name\": \"Paris\", \"risk_level\": \"Medium\", \"rule\": \"39711\", \"rule_id\": \"39711\", \"signature_id\": \"feed_vt_url_phishing\", \"src_country\": \"France\", \"src_country_code\": \"FR\", \"src_ip\": \"1.2.3.4\", \"src_is_site_or_vpn\": \"Site\", \"src_isp_ip\": \"90.83.111.11\", \"src_port\": \"58672\", \"src_site\": \"EXAMPLE-DC\", \"threat_name\": \"Domain reputation based signature - Phishing\", \"threat_reference\": \"https://support.catonetworks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011568478\", \"threat_type\": \"Reputation\", \"time\": \"1697104089849\", \"traffic_direction\": \"OUTBOUND\"}",
    "event": {
        "action": "block",
        "category": [
            "intrusion_detection"
        ],
        "type": [
            "denied"
        ]
    },
    "@timestamp": "2023-10-12T09:48:09Z",
    "cato": {
        "sase": {
            "event_sub_type": "IPS",
            "event_type": "Security",
            "risk_level": "Medium",
            "threat_type": "Reputation"
        }
    },
    "destination": {
        "address": "5.6.7.8",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "United States"
        },
        "ip": "5.6.7.8",
        "port": 443
    },
    "host": {
        "os": {
            "type": "windows"
        }
    },
    "network": {
        "direction": "OUTBOUND",
        "transport": "TCP"
    },
    "related": {
        "ip": [
            "1.2.3.4",
            "5.6.7.8",
            "90.83.111.11"
        ]
    },
    "rule": {
        "id": "39711"
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "1.2.3.4",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "France"
        },
        "ip": "1.2.3.4",
        "nat": {
            "ip": "90.83.111.11"
        },
        "port": 58672
    },
    "threat": {
        "indicator": {
            "description": "Domain reputation based signature - Phishing",
            "ip": "1.2.3.4",
            "name": "1.2.3.4",
            "reference": "1.2.3.4",
            "type": "ip"
        },
        "tactic": {
            "id": [
                "TA0001",
                "TA0043"
            ],
            "name": [
                "Initial Access",
                "Reconnaissance"
            ]
        },
        "technique": {
            "id": [
                "T1566",
                "T1598"
            ],
            "name": [
                "Phishing",
                "Phishing for Information"
            ]
        }
    }
}

{
    "message": "{\"event_time\": \"2023-10-12T09:48:09Z\", \"ISP_name\": \"Vodafone\", \"account_id\": \"8517\", \"action\": \"Block\", \"cato_app\": \"http\", \"dest_country\": \"United States\", \"dest_country_code\": \"US\", \"dest_ip\": \"5.6.7.8\", \"dest_is_site_or_vpn\": \"Site\", \"dest_port\": \"443\", \"dest_site\": \"-1\", \"domain_name\": \"www.example.org\", \"event_count\": \"1\", \"event_sub_type\": \"IPS\", \"event_type\": \"Security\", \"full_path_url\": \"\", \"internalId\": \"RElf2tix4X\", \"ip_protocol\": \"TCP\", \"mitre_attack_subtechniques\": \"\", \"mitre_attack_tactics\": \"Initial Access (TA0001), Reconnaissance (TA0043)\", \"mitre_attack_techniques\": \"Phishing (T1566), Phishing for Information (T1598)\", \"os_type\": \"OS_WINDOWS\", \"pop_name\": \"Paris\", \"risk_level\": \"Medium\", \"rule\": \"39711\", \"rule_id\": \"39711\", \"signature_id\": \"feed_vt_url_phishing\", \"src_country\": \"France\", \"src_country_code\": \"FR\", \"src_ip\": \"1.2.3.4\", \"src_is_site_or_vpn\": \"Site\", \"src_isp_ip\": \"90.83.111.11\", \"src_port\": \"58672\", \"src_site\": \"EXAMPLE-DC\", \"threat_name\": \"Domain reputation based signature - Phishing\", \"threat_reference\": \"https://support.catonetworks.com/hc/en-us/articles/360011568478\", \"threat_type\": \"Reputation\", \"time\": \"1697104089898\", \"traffic_direction\": \"OUTBOUND\", \"url\": \"/url/2023/34802/08/27055081/twitter.png\"}",
    "event": {
        "action": "block",
        "category": [
            "intrusion_detection"
        ],
        "type": [
            "denied"
        ]
    },
    "@timestamp": "2023-10-12T09:48:09Z",
    "cato": {
        "sase": {
            "event_sub_type": "IPS",
            "event_type": "Security",
            "risk_level": "Medium",
            "threat_type": "Reputation"
        }
    },
    "destination": {
        "address": "5.6.7.8",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "United States"
        },
        "ip": "5.6.7.8",
        "port": 443
    },
    "host": {
        "os": {
            "type": "windows"
        }
    },
    "network": {
        "direction": "OUTBOUND",
        "transport": "TCP"
    },
    "related": {
        "ip": [
            "1.2.3.4",
            "5.6.7.8",
            "90.83.111.11"
        ]
    },
    "rule": {
        "id": "39711"
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "1.2.3.4",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "France"
        },
        "ip": "1.2.3.4",
        "nat": {
            "ip": "90.83.111.11"
        },
        "port": 58672
    },
    "threat": {
        "indicator": {
            "description": "Domain reputation based signature - Phishing",
            "ip": "1.2.3.4",
            "name": "1.2.3.4",
            "reference": "1.2.3.4",
            "type": "ip"
        },
        "tactic": {
            "id": [
                "TA0001",
                "TA0043"
            ],
            "name": [
                "Initial Access",
                "Reconnaissance"
            ]
        },
        "technique": {
            "id": [
                "T1566",
                "T1598"
            ],
            "name": [
                "Phishing",
                "Phishing for Information"
            ]
        }
    },
    "url": {
        "original": "/url/2023/34802/08/27055081/twitter.png",
        "path": "/url/2023/34802/08/27055081/twitter.png"
    }
}

{
    "message": "{\"account_id\":\"1714\",\"action\":\"Block\",\"application\":\"Suspected apps\",\"dest_country\":\"Ireland\",\"dest_ip\":\"52.51.102.52\",\"dest_port\":\"443\",\"domain_name\":\"reflector.peterljames.org\",\"event_count\":\"1\",\"event_sub_type\":\"NG Anti Malware\",\"event_type\":\"Security\",\"file_hash\":\"70355dcf91019652e32eba67140a2708232a1fa786f90446d7984afe314f63f3\",\"file_name\":\"eicar.exe\",\"file_size\":\"68\",\"indicator\":\"EICAR-SENTINEL-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE\",\"internalId\":\"QCzt6ht6GY\",\"os_type\":\"OS_MAC\",\"os_version\":\"11.6.0\",\"pop_name\":\"London\",\"rule\":\"0\",\"rule_id\":\"0\",\"src_ip\":\"10.41.173.156\",\"src_is_site_or_vpn\":\"VPN User\",\"src_site\":\"Peter James\",\"threat_name\":\"malware\",\"threat_verdict\":\"virus_found\",\"time\":\"1651045480623\",\"url\":\"https://reflec.xxx.com /eicar.exe\",\"vpn_user_email\":\"peter@xxx.com\",\"event_timestamp\":\"2022-04-27T07:44:40Z\"}",
    "event": {
        "action": "block",
        "category": [
            "malware"
        ],
        "type": [
            "info"
        ]
    },
    "cato": {
        "sase": {
            "event_sub_type": "NG Anti Malware",
            "event_type": "Security",
            "threat_verdict": "virus_found"
        }
    },
    "destination": {
        "address": "52.51.102.52",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "Ireland"
        },
        "ip": "52.51.102.52",
        "port": 443
    },
    "file": {
        "hash": {
            "sha256": "70355dcf91019652e32eba67140a2708232a1fa786f90446d7984afe314f63f3"
        },
        "name": "eicar.exe",
        "size": 68
    },
    "host": {
        "os": {
            "type": "macos",
            "version": "11.6.0"
        }
    },
    "related": {
        "hash": [
            "70355dcf91019652e32eba67140a2708232a1fa786f90446d7984afe314f63f3"
        ],
        "ip": [
            "10.41.173.156",
            "52.51.102.52"
        ]
    },
    "rule": {
        "id": "0"
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "10.41.173.156",
        "ip": "10.41.173.156"
    },
    "threat": {
        "indicator": {
            "description": "malware",
            "file": {
                "name": "eicar.exe"
            },
            "name": "EICAR-SENTINEL-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE",
            "type": "file"
        }
    },
    "url": {
        "domain": "reflec.xxx.com ",
        "original": "https://reflec.xxx.com /eicar.exe",
        "path": "/eicar.exe",
        "port": 443,
        "registered_domain": "xxx.com",
        "scheme": "https",
        "subdomain": "reflec",
        "top_level_domain": "com"
    },
    "user": {
        "email": "peter@xxx.com"
    }
}

{
    "message": "{\"account_id\":\"1714\",\"action\":\"Allow\",\"dest_country\":\"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland\",\"dest_ip\":\"85.255.16.36\",\"dest_port\":\"22\",\"dest_site\":\"Reflector\",\"event_count\":\"6\",\"event_sub_type\":\"RPF\",\"event_type\":\"Security\",\"internalId\":\"cAmaGkX3na\",\"os_type\":\"OS_UNKNOWN\",\"pop_name\":\"London\",\"rule\":\"RPF22\",\"rule_id\":\"15366\",\"rule_name\":\"RPF22\",\"src_country\":\"China\",\"src_ip\":\"61.177.173.13\",\"time\":\"1650618945981\",\"event_timestamp\":\"2022-04-22T09:15:45Z\"}",
    "event": {
        "action": "allow",
        "category": [
            "network"
        ],
        "type": [
            "allowed"
        ]
    },
    "cato": {
        "sase": {
            "event_sub_type": "RPF",
            "event_type": "Security"
        }
    },
    "destination": {
        "address": "85.255.16.36",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"
        },
        "ip": "85.255.16.36",
        "port": 22
    },
    "host": {
        "os": {
            "type": "unknown"
        }
    },
    "related": {
        "ip": [
            "61.177.173.13",
            "85.255.16.36"
        ]
    },
    "rule": {
        "id": "RPF22",
        "name": "RPF22"
    },
    "source": {
        "address": "61.177.173.13",
        "geo": {
            "country_name": "China"
        },
        "ip": "61.177.173.13"
    }
}

Extracted Fields

The following table lists the fields that are extracted, normalized under the ECS format, analyzed and indexed by the parser. It should be noted that infered fields are not listed.

Name Type Description
@timestamp date Date/time when the event originated.
agent.version keyword Version of the agent.
cato.sase.custom_category keyword Cato SASE custom category
cato.sase.event_sub_type keyword Cato SASE event sub type
cato.sase.event_type keyword Cato SASE event type
cato.sase.risk_level keyword Cato SASE risk level
cato.sase.threat_type keyword Cato SASE threat type
cato.sase.threat_verdict keyword Cato SASES threat verdict
destination.geo.country_name keyword Country name.
destination.ip ip IP address of the destination.
destination.port long Port of the destination.
event.action keyword The action captured by the event.
event.category keyword Event category. The second categorization field in the hierarchy.
event.reason keyword Reason why this event happened, according to the source
event.type keyword Event type. The third categorization field in the hierarchy.
file.hash.sha256 keyword SHA256 hash.
file.name keyword Name of the file including the extension, without the directory.
file.size long File size in bytes.
host.ip ip Host ip addresses.
host.mac keyword Host MAC addresses.
host.name keyword Name of the host.
host.os.version keyword Operating system version as a raw string.
network.direction keyword Direction of the network traffic.
network.transport keyword Protocol Name corresponding to the field iana_number.
rule.id keyword Rule ID
rule.name keyword Rule name
source.geo.country_name keyword Country name.
source.ip ip IP address of the source.
source.nat.ip ip Source NAT ip
source.port long Port of the source.
threat.indicator.description keyword Indicator description
threat.indicator.file.name keyword Name of the file including the extension, without the directory.
threat.indicator.ip ip Indicator IP address
threat.indicator.reference keyword Indicator reference URL
threat.indicator.type keyword Type of indicator
threat.tactic.id keyword Threat tactic id.
threat.tactic.name keyword Threat tactic.
threat.technique.id keyword Threat technique id.
threat.technique.name keyword Threat technique name.
url.original wildcard Unmodified original url as seen in the event source.
user.email keyword User email address.
user.name keyword Short name or login of the user.

For more information on the Intake Format, please find the code of the Parser, Smart Descriptions, and Supported Events here.

Further readings