Zscaler Internet Access
Overview
Zscaler Internet Access is a cloud-native security platform that delivers secure and direct internet access for users and devices, providing real-time protection against cyber threats while enabling secure and efficient web access from anywhere.
- Vendor: Zscaler
- Supported environment: SaaS
- Detection based on: Telemetry
- Supported application or feature: File monitoring, Process monitoring, Process use of network
Supported logs
This integration can ingest the following logs:
Admin Audit
DNS logs
Firewall Logs
SaaS Security
SaaS Security Activity
Tunnel
Web Log
Configure
This section will guide you on how to forward Zscaler ZIA events to Sekoia.io.
Create the intake
Go to the intake page and create a new intake from the Zscaler ZIA
format.
Forward events with NSS Servers
Prerequisites
You must have an internal log concentrator to forward events with NSS servers.
Configure the forwarding
In the Zscaler ZIA console:
- Go to
Administration
>Cloud Configuration
>Nanolog Streaming Service
- Select the
NSS Feeds
tab - Select
Add NSS Feed
for each log type you want to forward - In the modal, type a name for the feed, select the
NSS Server
, and then select theEnabled
status - In the
SIEM IP Address
field, enter the IP address of the log concentrator - In the
SIEM TCP Port
field, enter the port of the log concentrator - Select the desired log type
- Select
Custom
as theFeed Output Type
. When possible, fill theFeed Escape Character
input with the characters,\"
-
For
Feed Output Format
, paste the following format according to the log type:%s{mon} %02d{dd} %02d{hh}:%02d{mm}:%02d{ss} zscaler-nss \{ "sourcetype" : "zscalernss-web", "event" : \{"datetime":"%d{yy}-%02d{mth}-%02d{dd} %02d{hh}:%02d{mm}:%02d{ss}","reason":"%s{reason}","event_id":"%d{recordid}","protocol":"%s{proto}","action":"%s{action}","transactionsize":"%d{totalsize}","responsesize":"%d{respsize}","requestsize":"%d{reqsize}","urlcategory":"%s{urlcat}","serverip":"%s{sip}","requestmethod":"%s{reqmethod}","refererURL":"%s{ereferer}","useragent":"%s{eua}","product":"NSS","location":"%s{elocation}","ClientIP":"%s{cip}","status":"%s{respcode}","user":"%s{elogin}","url":"%s{eurl}","vendor":"Zscaler","hostname":"%s{ehost}","clientpublicIP":"%s{cintip}","threatcategory":"%s{malwarecat}","threatname":"%s{threatname}","filetype":"%s{filetype}","appname":"%s{appname}","pagerisk":"%d{riskscore}","department":"%s{edepartment}","urlsupercategory":"%s{urlsupercat}","appclass":"%s{appclass}","dlpengine":"%s{dlpeng}","urlclass":"%s{urlclass}","threatclass":"%s{malwareclass}","dlpdictionaries":"%s{dlpdict}","fileclass":"%s{fileclass}","bwthrottle":"%s{bwthrottle}","contenttype":"%s{contenttype}","unscannabletype":"%s{unscannabletype}","deviceowner":"%s{deviceowner}","devicehostname":"%s{devicehostname}","keyprotectiontype":"%s{keyprotectiontype}"\}\}
%s{mon} %02d{dd} %02d{hh}:%02d{mm}:%02d{ss} zscaler-nss \{ "sourcetype" : "zscalernss-casb", "event" :\{"datetime":"%s{time}","recordid":"%d{recordid}","company":"%s{company}","tenant":"%s{tenant}","login":"%s{user}","dept":"%s{department}","applicationname":"%s{applicationname}","filename":"%s{filename}","filesource":"%s{filesource}","filemd5":"%s{filemd5}","threatname":"%s{threatname}","policy":"%s{policy}","dlpdictnames":"%s{dlpdictnames}","dlpdictcount":"%s{dlpdictcount}","dlpenginenames":"%s{dlpenginenames}","fullurl":"%s{fullurl}","lastmodtime":"%s{lastmodtime}","filescantimems":"%d{filescantimems}","filedownloadtimems":"%d{filedownloadtimems}"\}\}
%s{mon} %02d{dd} %02d{hh}:%02d{mm}:%02d{ss} zscaler-nss \{ "sourcetype" : "zscalernss-casb", "event" :\{"login":"%s{username}","tenant":"%s{tenant}","object_type":"%d{objtype1}","applicationname":"%s{appname}","object_name_1":"%s{objnames1}","object_name_2":"%s{objnames2}"\}\}
%s{mon} %02d{dd} %02d{hh}:%02d{mm}:%02d{ss} zscaler-nss \{ "sourcetype" : "zscalernss-tunnel", "event" : \{"datetime":"%s{datetime}","Recordtype":"%s{tunnelactionname}","tunneltype":"IPSEC IKEV %d{ikeversion}","user":"%s{vpncredentialname}","location":"%s{elocationname}","sourceip":"%s{sourceip}","destinationip":"%s{destvip}","sourceport":"%d{srcport}","destinationport":"%d{dstport}","lifetime":"%d{lifetime}","ikeversion":"%d{ikeversion}","spi_in":"%lu{spi_in}","spi_out":"%lu{spi_out}","algo":"%s{algo}","authentication":"%s{authentication}","authtype":"%s{authtype}","recordid":"%d{recordid}"\}\}
%s{mon} %02d{dd} %02d{hh}:%02d{mm}:%02d{ss} zscaler-nss \{ "sourcetype" : "zscalernss-tunnel", "event" : \{"datetime":"%s{datetime}","Recordtype":"%s{tunnelactionname}","tunneltype":"IPSEC IKEV %d{ikeversion}","user":"%s{vpncredentialname}","location":"%s{elocationname}","sourceip":"%s{sourceip}","destinationip":"%s{destvip}","sourceport":"%d{srcport}","sourceportstart":"%d{srcportstart}","destinationportstart":"%d{destportstart}","srcipstart":"%s{srcipstart}","srcipend":"%s{srcipend}","destinationipstart":"%s{destipstart}","destinationipend":"%s{destipend}","lifetime":"%d{lifetime}","ikeversion":"%d{ikeversion}","lifebytes":"%d{lifebytes}","spi":"%d{spi}","algo":"%s{algo}","authentication":"%s{authentication}","authtype":"%s{authtype}","protocol":"%s{protocol}","tunnelprotocol":"%s{tunnelprotocol}","policydirection":"%s{policydirection}","recordid":"%d{recordid}"\}\}
%s{mon} %02d{dd} %02d{hh}:%02d{mm}:%02d{ss} zscaler-nss \{ "sourcetype" : "zscalernss-tunnel", "event" : \{"datetime":"%s{datetime}","Recordtype":"%s{tunnelactionname}","tunneltype":"%s{tunneltype}","user":"%s{vpncredentialname}","location":"%s{elocationname}","sourceip":"%s{sourceip}","destinationip":"%s{destvip}","sourceport":"%d{srcport}","event":"%s{event}","eventreason":"%s{eventreason}","recordid":"%d{recordid}"\}\}
%s{mon} %02d{dd} %02d{hh}:%02d{mm}:%02d{ss} zscaler-nss \{ "sourcetype" : "zscalernss-audit", "event" :\{"time":"%s{time}","recordid":"%d{recordid}","action":"%s{action}","category":"%s{category}","subcategory":"%s{subcategory}","resource":"%s{resource}","interface":"%s{interface}","adminid":"%s{adminid}","clientip":"%s{clientip}","result":"%s{result}","errorcode":"%s{errorcode}","auditlogtype":"%s{auditlogtype}","preaction":"%s{epreaction}","postaction":"%s{epostaction}"\}\}
-
Select
Save
Forward logs to Sekoia.io
For more information on forwarding logs to Sekoia.io, see Syslog Forwarding
Forward events with Cloud NSS Feed
In the Zscaler ZIA console:
- Go to
Administration
>Cloud Configuration
>Nanolog Streaming Service
- Select the
Cloud NSS Feeds
tab - Select
Add Clous NSS Feed
for each log type you want to forward - In the modal, in the
General section
, enter a name for the feed, select the statusEnabled
. According to the log type you want to forward, select theNSS type
- For
Admin Audit
,SaaS Security
,SaaS Security Activity
andWeb Log
, selectNSS for web
- For
Firewall Logs
orDNS logs
, selectNSS for firewall
- For
- In the
SIEM Connectivity
section- Select
Other
as theSIEM Type
- Turn off the
OAUTH2.0 Authentication
toggle - In the
Max batch size
field, enter512 kb
- As the API URL, enter
https://intake.sekoia.io/plain/batch?status_code=200
- Select
Add HTTP Header
and add the HTTP headerX-SEKOIAIO-INTAKE-KEY
with our intake key as the value
- Select
- In the
Formatting
section- Select the desired
Log type
- Select
JSON
as theFeed Output Type
- Turn off the
JSON Array Notation
toggle - Keep
Feed Escape Character
with the characters,\"
- Keep
Feed Output Format
unchanged - Keep
Timezone
toGMT
- Select the desired
- Select
Save
Raw Events Samples
In this section, you will find examples of raw logs as generated natively by the source. These examples are provided to help integrators understand the data format before ingestion into Sekoia.io. It is crucial for setting up the correct parsing stages and ensuring that all relevant information is captured.
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-audit",
"event": {
"time": "Mon Aug 28 08:04:30 2023",
"recordid": "0",
"action": "UPDATE",
"category": "Unknown",
"subcategory": "Unknown",
"resource": "com.zscaler.zapi.domain.nss.ZmanageNssFeed",
"interface": "UI",
"adminid": "None",
"clientip": "1.2.3.4",
"result": "SUCCESS",
"errorcode": "None",
"auditlogtype": "ZIA",
"preaction": "Unknown",
"postaction": "Unknown"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-audit",
"event": {
"time": "Mon Aug 28 08:04:30 2023",
"recordid": "0",
"action": "SIGN_IN",
"category": "Unknown",
"subcategory": "Unknown",
"resource": "com.zscaler.zapi.domain.AuthCredentials",
"interface": "UI",
"adminid": "None",
"clientip": "1.2.3.4",
"result": "SUCCESS",
"errorcode": "None",
"auditlogtype": "ZIA",
"preaction": "Unknown",
"postaction": "Unknown"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-casb",
"event": {
"login": "john.doe@example.org",
"tenant": "example",
"object_type": "0",
"applicationname": "ONEDRIVE",
"object_name_1": "sanity2022-09-04 00-06.pdf",
"object_name_2": "Maverick"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-dns",
"event": {
"datetime": "Mon Aug 28 08:05:55 2023",
"user": "john.doe@example.orf",
"department": "Financial%20Dept",
"location": "Road%20Warrior",
"reqaction": "Allow",
"resaction": "Allow",
"reqrulelabel": "DNS_1",
"resrulelabel": "Zscaler Bypass Traffic",
"dns_reqtype": "AAAA",
"dns_req": "test.example.org",
"dns_resp": "NotFound",
"srv_dport": "53",
"durationms": "0",
"clt_sip": "1.2.3.4",
"srv_dip": "5.6.7.8",
"category": "Corporate Marketing",
"respipcategory": "Other",
"deviceowner": "johndoe",
"devicehostname": "hostname"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-fw",
"event": {
"datetime": "Mon Aug 28 15:43:59 2023",
"user": "john.doe@example.org",
"department": "Financial%20Dept",
"locationname": "Road%20Warrior",
"cdport": "443",
"csport": "52352",
"sdport": "443",
"ssport": "43007",
"csip": "1.2.3.4",
"cdip": "1.2.3.4",
"ssip": "5.6.7.8",
"sdip": "5.6.7.8",
"tsip": "0.0.0.0",
"tunsport": "0",
"tuntype": "ZscalerClientConnector",
"action": "Allow",
"dnat": "No",
"stateful": "Yes",
"aggregate": "Yes",
"nwsvc": "HTTPS",
"nwapp": "mozilla",
"proto": "TCP",
"ipcat": "Internet Services",
"destcountry": "United States",
"avgduration": "170000",
"rulelabel": "Recommended%20Firewall%20Rule",
"inbytes": "3367",
"outbytes": "5894",
"duration": "340",
"durationms": "340000",
"numsessions": "2",
"ipsrulelabel": "None",
"threatcat": "Threat category 2",
"threatname": "Threat name 1",
"deviceowner": "johndoe",
"devicehostname": " "
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-web",
"event": {
"datetime": "2023-08-28 15:43:14",
"reason": "Allowed",
"event_id": "1111111111111111111",
"protocol": "SSL",
"action": "Allowed",
"transactionsize": "608",
"responsesize": "0",
"requestsize": "608",
"urlcategory": "News and Media",
"serverip": "5.6.7.8",
"requestmethod": "NA",
"refererURL": "None",
"useragent": "Unknown",
"product": "NSS",
"location": "Road%20Warrior",
"ClientIP": "1.2.3.4",
"status": "NA",
"user": "john.doe@example.org",
"url": "a.et.nytimes.com",
"vendor": "Zscaler",
"hostname": "a.et.nytimes.com",
"clientpublicIP": "4.3.2.1",
"threatcategory": "Threat category 1",
"threatname": "Threat Name 1",
"filetype": "filetype 1",
"appname": "General Browsing",
"pagerisk": "0",
"department": "Financial%20Dept",
"urlsupercategory": "News and Media",
"appclass": "General Browsing",
"dlpengine": "None",
"urlclass": "Bandwidth Loss",
"threatclass": "threat class # 1",
"dlpdictionaries": "None",
"fileclass": "None",
"bwthrottle": "NO",
"contenttype": "Other",
"unscannabletype": "None",
"deviceowner": "johndoe",
"devicehostname": " ",
"keyprotectiontype": "N/A"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-web",
"event": {
"datetime": "2023-08-28 15:43:14",
"reason": "Allowed",
"event_id": "1111111111111111111",
"protocol": "SSL",
"action": "Allowed",
"transactionsize": "608",
"responsesize": "0",
"requestsize": "608",
"urlcategory": "News and Media",
"serverip": "5.6.7.8",
"requestmethod": "NA",
"refererURL": "None",
"useragent": "Unknown",
"product": "NSS",
"location": "Road%20Warrior",
"ClientIP": "1.2.3.4",
"status": "NA",
"user": "john.doe@example.org",
"url": "ctldl.windowsupdate.com/msdownload/update/v3/static/trustedr/en/pinrulesstl.cab?9ea4b61fd3501b07",
"vendor": "Zscaler",
"hostname": "a.et.nytimes.com",
"clientpublicIP": "4.3.2.1",
"threatcategory": "Threat category 1",
"threatname": "Threat Name 1",
"filetype": "filetype 1",
"appname": "General Browsing",
"pagerisk": "0",
"department": "Financial%20Dept",
"urlsupercategory": "News and Media",
"appclass": "General Browsing",
"dlpengine": "None",
"urlclass": "Bandwidth Loss",
"threatclass": "threat class # 1",
"dlpdictionaries": "None",
"fileclass": "None",
"bwthrottle": "NO",
"contenttype": "Other",
"unscannabletype": "None",
"deviceowner": "johndoe",
"devicehostname": " ",
"keyprotectiontype": "N/A"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-web",
"event": {
"datetime": "2024-08-26 13:27:54",
"reason": "Allowed",
"event_id": "1111111111111111",
"protocol": "HTTPS",
"action": "Allowed",
"transactionsize": "1706",
"responsesize": "758",
"requestsize": "948",
"urlcategory": "Online Chat",
"serverip": "1.2.3.4",
"requestmethod": "GET",
"refererURL": "exemple.url.com/",
"useragent": "Mozilla/5.0%20(Windows%20NT%2010.0;%20Win64;%20x64)%20AppleWebKit/537.36%20(KHTML%2c%20like%20Gecko)%20Chrome/128.0.0.0%20Safari/537.36",
"product": "NSS",
"location": "FR-Re",
"ClientIP": "5.6.7.8",
"status": "200",
"user": "john.doe@mail.com",
"url": "api.chat.org/bot/sendmessage",
"vendor": "Zscaler",
"hostname": "api.chat.org",
"clientpublicIP": "5.6.7.8",
"threatcategory": "None",
"threatname": "None",
"filetype": "None",
"appname": "Random Chat",
"pagerisk": "10",
"department": "FR",
"urlsupercategory": "Internet Communication",
"appclass": "Sales and Marketing",
"dlpengine": "None",
"urlclass": "Business Use",
"threatclass": "None",
"dlpdictionaries": "None",
"fileclass": "None",
"bwthrottle": "NO",
"contenttype": "application/json",
"unscannabletype": "None",
"deviceowner": "NA",
"devicehostname": "NA",
"keyprotectiontype": "Software Protection"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-casb",
"event": {
"datetime": "Wed Aug 17 15:35:15 2022",
"recordid": "7132869149011804161",
"company": "Example",
"tenant": "example-tenant",
"login": "john.doe@example.onmicrosoft.com",
"dept": "Financial%20Dept",
"applicationname": "SHAREPOINT",
"filename": "sanity2022-08-16 14-03.pdf",
"filesource": "/sites/tanya/Shared%20Documents/Activity",
"filemd5": "01565bf41f1cb993d69334f409835293",
"threatname": "malpdf",
"policy": "Quarantine Malware",
"dlpdictnames": null,
"dlpdictcount": null,
"dlpenginenames": null,
"fullurl": "https://example.org/sites/",
"lastmodtime": "Tue Aug 16 14:03:13 2022",
"filescantimems": "537",
"filedownloadtimems": "435"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-tunnel",
"event": {
"datetime": "Thu Jun 23 16:24:59 2022",
"Recordtype": "Tunnel Samples",
"tunneltype": "GRE",
"user": "john.doe@example.org",
"location": "Road%20Warrior",
"sourceip": "1.2.3.4",
"destinationip": "5.6.7.8",
"sourceport": "4535",
"event": "PHASE1_ERROR",
"eventreason": "TIMEOUT",
"recordid": "7112472280601133057"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-tunnel",
"event": {
"datetime": "Thu Jun 23 16:24:59 2022",
"Recordtype": "Tunnel Samples",
"tunneltype": "ipsec",
"user": "john.doe@example.org",
"location": "Road%20Warrior",
"sourceip": "1.2.3.4",
"destinationip": "5.6.7.8",
"sourceport": "4535",
"sourceportstart": "10432",
"destinationportstart": "23456",
"srcipstart": "1.1.5.0",
"srcipend": "1.2.123.254",
"destinationipstart": "5.2.1.1",
"destinationipend": "5.200.123.254",
"lifetime": "3600",
"ikeversion": "1",
"lifebytes": "1560",
"spi": "1111111111111111",
"algo": "BLOWFISH_CBC",
"authentication": "HMAC_SHA256",
"authtype": "RSAENC",
"protocol": "TCP",
"tunnelprotocol": "ESP",
"policydirection": null,
"recordid": "7112472280601133057"
}
}
{
"sourcetype": "zscalernss-tunnel",
"event": {
"datetime": "Thu Jun 23 16:24:59 2022",
"Recordtype": "Tunnel Samples",
"tunneltype": "ipsec",
"user": "john.doe@example.org",
"location": "Road%20Warrior",
"sourceip": "1.2.3.4",
"destinationip": "5.6.7.8",
"sourceport": "4535",
"destinationport": "4564",
"lifetime": "3600",
"ikeversion": "1",
"spi_in": "1111111",
"spi_out": "22222222",
"algo": "BLOWFISH_CBC",
"authentication": "HMAC_SHA256",
"authtype": "RSAENC",
"recordid": "7112472280601133057"
}
}
Detection section
The following section provides information for those who wish to learn more about the detection capabilities enabled by collecting this intake. It includes details about the built-in rule catalog, event categories, and ECS fields extracted from raw events. This is essential for users aiming to create custom detection rules, perform hunting activities, or pivot in the events page.
Related Built-in Rules
The following Sekoia.io built-in rules match the intake Zscaler Internet Access. This documentation is updated automatically and is based solely on the fields used by the intake which are checked against our rules. This means that some rules will be listed but might not be relevant with the intake.
SEKOIA.IO x Zscaler Internet Access on ATT&CK Navigator
Advanced IP Scanner
Detects the use of Advanced IP Scanner. Seems to be a popular tool for ransomware groups.
- Effort: master
Bazar Loader DGA (Domain Generation Algorithm)
Detects Bazar Loader domains based on the Bazar Loader DGA
- Effort: elementary
Burp Suite Tool Detected
Burp Suite is a cybersecurity tool. When used as a proxy service, its purpose is to intercept packets and modify them to send them to the server. Burp Collaborator is a network service that Burp Suite uses to help discover many kinds of vulnerabilities (vulnerabilities scanner).
- Effort: intermediate
CVE-2018-11776 Apache Struts2
Apache Struts versions 2.3 to 2.3.34 and 2.5 to 2.5.16 suffer from possible Remote Code Execution when alwaysSelectFullNamespace is true (either by user or a plugin like Convention Plugin) and then: results are used with no namespace and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace and similar to results, same possibility when using url tag which doesn't have value and action set and in same time, its upper package have no or wildcard namespace.
- Effort: intermediate
CVE-2018-13379 Fortinet Exploit
Detects the successful exploitation of the Fortinet FortiOS CVE-2018-13379. This CVE is one of the most exploited CVEs since 2018. It is exploited by APT threat actors as well as cybercriminals. The exploitation of this CVE lead an unauthenticated user to get full access to FortiOS system file through SSL VPN via specially crafted HTTP resource requests. The exploit read /dev/cmdb/sslvpn_websession file, that contains login and passwords in (clear/text). An HTTP response status code = 200, means the file was successfully accessed. This vulnerability affects FortiOS 5.6.3 to 5.6.7 and FortiOS 6.0.0 to 6.0.4.
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2019-0604 SharePoint
Detects the exploitation of the SharePoint vulnerability (CVE-2019-0604).
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2019-11510 Pulse Secure Exploit
Detects the successful exploitation of the Pulse Secure vulnerability CVE-2019-11510. This CVE is one of the most exploited CVEs since 2019. It is exploited by diverse threat actors, leading sometimes in ransomware deployement among these groups: Maze, Conti, Egregor, DoppelPaymer, NetWalker and REvil. But also APT actors such as APT29. The exploitation of this CVE allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to compromise a vulnerable VPN server. The attacker may be able to gain access to all active users and their plain-text credentials. It may also be possible for the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on each VPN client as it successfully connects to the VPN server. The exploit reads /etc/passwd file to get access to login and passwords in (clear/text). An HTTP response status code = 200, means the file was successfully accessed. This vulnerability affects 8.1R15.1, 8.2 before 8.2R12.1, 8.3 before 8.3R7.1, and 9.0 before 9.0R3.4 products.
- Effort: elementary
CVE-2019-19781 Citrix NetScaler (ADC)
Detects CVE-2019-19781 exploitation attempt against Citrix NetScaler (ADC), Application Delivery Controller and Citrix Gateway Attack.
- Effort: elementary
CVE-2019-2725 Oracle Weblogic Exploit
Detects the successful exploitation of a deserialization vulnerability in Oracle Weblogic Server, CVE-2019-2725. This vulnerability affects versions 10.X and 12.1.3 of WebLogic that have the components wls9_async_response.war and wls-wsat.war enabled. It is a remote code execution which can be exploited without authentication via HTTP. An HTTP response status code = 202, means the target is vulnerable, the analyst then has to look in depth to check if a webshell has been uploaded or something else has been done.
- Effort: elementary
CVE-2020-0688 Microsoft Exchange Server Exploit
Detects the exploitation of CVE-2020-0688. The POC exploit a .NET serialization vulnerability in the Exchange Control Panel (ECP) web page. The vulnerability is due to Microsoft Exchange Server not randomizing the keys on a per-installation basis resulting in them using the same validationKey and decryptionKey values. With knowledge of these, values an attacker can craft a special viewstate to use an OS command to be executed by NT_AUTHORITY\SYSTEM using .NET deserialization. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker needs to leverage the credentials of an account it had already compromised to authenticate to OWA.
- Effort: elementary
CVE-2020-1147 SharePoint
Detection of SharePoint vulnerability CVE-2020-1147.
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2020-14882 Oracle WebLogic Server
Detects the exploitation of the Oracle WebLogic Server vulnerability (CVE-2020-16952).
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2020-17530 Apache Struts RCE
Detects the exploitation of the Apache Struts RCE vulnerability (CVE-2020-17530).
- Effort: intermediate
CVE-2020-5902 F5 BIG-IP Exploitation Attempts
Detects the exploitation attempt of the vulnerability found in F5 BIG-IP and described in CVE-2020-5902.
- Effort: elementary
CVE-2021-20021 SonicWall Unauthenticated Administrator Access
Detects the exploitation of SonicWall Unauthenticated Admin Access.
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2021-20023 SonicWall Arbitrary File Read
Detects Arbitrary File Read, which can be used with other vulnerabilities as a mean to obtain outputs generated by attackers, or sensitive data.
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2021-21972 VMware vCenter
The vSphere Client (HTML5) contains a remote code execution vulnerability in a vCenter Server plugin. A malicious actor with network access to port 443 may exploit this issue to execute commands with unrestricted privileges on the underlying operating system that hosts vCenter Server. This affects VMware vCenter Server (7.x before 7.0 U1c, 6.7 before 6.7 U3l and 6.5 before 6.5 U3n) and VMware Cloud Foundation (4.x before 4.2 and 3.x before 3.10.1.2). POST request on the following PATH "/ui/vropspluginui/rest/services/uploadova". If in response body (500) the words it has "uploadFile", that means the vCenter is available to accept files via POST without any restrictions.
- Effort: intermediate
CVE-2021-21985 VMware vCenter
The VMware vSphere Client (HTML5) contains a remote code execution vulnerability due to lack of input validation in the Virtual SAN Health Check plug-in which is enabled by default in vCenter Server. A malicious actor with network access to port 443 may exploit this issue to execute commands with unrestricted privileges on the underlying operating system that hosts vCenter Server. This affects VMware vCenter Server (7.0 before 7.0 U2b, 6.7 before 6.7 U3n and 6.5 before 6.5 U3p) and VMware Cloud Foundation (4.x before 4.2.1 and 3.x before 3.10.2.1).
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2021-22123 Fortinet FortiWeb OS Command Injection
Detects Fortinet FortiWeb OS Command Injection (August 2021) vulnerability exploitation attempt. A remote, authenticated attacker can execute arbitrary commands on the system hosting a vulnerable FortiWeb WAF by sending a POST request with the command in the name field. At the time of writing this rule, it would appear that the request would respond in code 500 for a successful exploitation attempt.
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2021-22893 Pulse Connect Secure RCE Vulnerability
Detects potential exploitation of the authentication by-pass vulnerability that can allow an unauthenticated user to perform remote arbitrary file execution on the Pulse Connect Secure gateway. It is highly recommended to apply the Pulse Secure mitigations and seach for indicators of compromise on affected servers if you are in doubt over the integrity of your Pulse Connect Secure product.
- Effort: intermediate
CVE-2021-26855 Exchange SSRF
Detects the exploitation of ProyxLogon vulerability on Exchange servers.
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2021-34473 ProxyShell Attempt
Detects CVE-2021-34473 ProxyShell attempt against Microsoft Exchange Server, Remote Code Execution Vulnerability.
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2021-41773 Apache 2.4.49 Path Traversal
Detects successful exploitation of the Apache Path Traversal CVE-2021-41773.
- Effort: advanced
CVE-2021-43798 Grafana Directory Traversal
Grafana version 8.x has a 0day arbitrary file read (with no fix yet) based on a directory traversal vulnerability
- Effort: intermediate
Certify Or Certipy
Detects the use of certify and certipy which are two different tools used to enumerate and abuse Active Directory Certificate Services.
- Effort: advanced
Cobalt Strike DNS Beaconing
Detects suspicious DNS queries known from Cobalt Strike beacons. The threshold is more than 50 suspicious DNS requests to avoid false positives.
- Effort: advanced
Cobalt Strike Default Beacons Names
Detects the default names of Cobalt Strike beacons / payloads.
- Effort: intermediate
Cobalt Strike HTTP Default GET beaconing
Detects GET HTTP queries from known Cobalt Strike beacons (source code 4.3)
- Effort: advanced
Cobalt Strike HTTP Default POST Beaconing
Detects POST HTTP queries from known Cobalt Strike beacons (source code 4.3)
- Effort: advanced
Correlation Potential DNS Tunnel
Detects domain name which is longer than 95 characters. Long domain names are distinctive of DNS tunnels.
- Effort: advanced
Covenant Default HTTP Beaconing
Detects potential Covenant communications through the user-agent and specific urls
- Effort: intermediate
Credential Dump Tools Related Files
Detects processes or file names related to credential dumping tools and the dropped files they generate by default.
- Effort: advanced
Cryptomining
Detection of domain names potentially related to cryptomining activities.
- Effort: master
Detect requests to Konni C2 servers
This rule detects requests to Konni C2 servers. These patterns come from an analysis done in 2022, September.
- Effort: elementary
Discord Suspicious Download
Discord is a messaging application. It allows users to create their own communities to share messages and attachments. Those attachments have little to no overview and can be downloaded by almost anyone, which has been abused by attackers to host malicious payloads.
- Effort: intermediate
Download Files From Suspicious TLDs
Detects download of certain file types from hosts in suspicious TLDs
- Effort: master
Dynamic DNS Contacted
Detect communication with dynamic dns domain. This kind of domain is often used by attackers. This rule can trigger false positive in non-controlled environment because dynamic dns is not always malicious.
- Effort: master
Entra ID Sign-In Via Known AiTM Phishing Kit
Detects a sign-in attempt from an IP address belonging to a known adversary-in-the-middle phishing kit.
- Effort: elementary
EvilProxy Phishing Domain
Detects subdomains potentially generated by the EvilProxy adversary-in-the-middle phishing platform. Inspect the other subdomains of the domain to identify the landing page, and determine if the user submitted credentials. This rule has a small percentage of false positives on legitimate domains.
- Effort: intermediate
Exfiltration Domain
Detects traffic toward a domain flagged as a possible exfiltration vector.
- Effort: master
FoggyWeb HTTP Default GET/POST Requests
Detects GET or POST request pattern observed within the first FoggyWeb campaign detected by Microsoft.
- Effort: advanced
GitLab CVE-2021-22205
Detects GitLab vulnerability CVE-2021-22205 exploitation success. It allows an attacker to do some remote code execution with user git. The HTTP return code 422 indicates a successfull exploitation.
- Effort: intermediate
HTA Infection Chains
Detect the creation of a ZIP file and an HTA file as it is often used in infection chains. Furthermore it also detects the use of suspicious processes launched by explorer.exe combined with the creation of an HTA file, since it is also often used in infection chains (LNK - HTA for instance).
- Effort: intermediate
HTML Smuggling Suspicious Usage
Based on several samples from different botnets, this rule aims at detecting HTML infection chain by looking for HTML created files followed by suspicious files being executed.
- Effort: intermediate
HackTools Suspicious Names
Quick-win rule to detect the default process names or file names of several HackTools.
- Effort: elementary
ISO LNK Infection Chain
Detection of an ISO (or any other similar archive file) downloaded file, followed by a child-process of explorer, which is characteristic of an infection using an ISO containing an LNK file. For events with host.name
.
- Effort: intermediate
Koadic MSHTML Command
Detects Koadic payload using MSHTML module
- Effort: intermediate
LokiBot Default C2 URL
Detects default C2 URL for trojan LokiBot
- Effort: elementary
Nimbo-C2 User Agent
Nimbo-C2 Uses an unusual User-Agent format in its implants.
- Effort: intermediate
PasswordDump SecurityXploded Tool
Detects the execution of the PasswordDump SecurityXploded Tool
- Effort: elementary
Possible Malicious File Double Extension
Detects request to potential malicious file with double extension
- Effort: elementary
Potential Azure AD Phishing Page (Adversary-in-the-Middle)
Detects an HTTP request to an URL typical of the Azure AD authentication flow, but towards a domain that is not one the legitimate Microsoft domains used for Azure AD authentication.
- Effort: intermediate
Potential Bazar Loader User-Agents
Detects potential Bazar loader communications through the user-agent
- Effort: elementary
Potential DNS Tunnel
Detects domain name which is longer than 95 characters. Long domain names are distinctive of DNS tunnels.
- Effort: advanced
Potential Lemon Duck User-Agent
Detects LemonDuck user agent. The format used two sets of alphabetical characters separated by dashes, for example "User-Agent: Lemon-Duck-[A-Z]-[A-Z]".
- Effort: elementary
Potential LokiBot User-Agent
Detects potential LokiBot communications through the user-agent
- Effort: intermediate
Privilege Escalation Awesome Scripts (PEAS)
Detect PEAS privileges escalation scripts and binaries
- Effort: elementary
ProxyShell Microsoft Exchange Suspicious Paths
Detects suspicious calls to Microsoft Exchange resources, in locations related to webshells observed in campaigns using this vulnerability.
- Effort: elementary
RTLO Character
Detects RTLO (Right-To-Left character) in file and process names.
- Effort: elementary
Raccoon Stealer 2.0 Legitimate Third-Party DLL Download URL
Detects Raccoon Stealer 2.0 malware downloading legitimate third-party DLLs from its C2 server. These legitimate DLLs are used by the information stealer to collect data on the compromised hosts.
- Effort: elementary
Remote Access Tool Domain
Detects traffic toward a domain flagged as a Remote Administration Tool (RAT).
- Effort: master
Remote Monitoring and Management Software - AnyDesk
Detect artifacts related to the installation or execution of the Remote Monitoring and Management tool AnyDesk.
- Effort: master
Remote Monitoring and Management Software - Atera
Detect artifacts related to the installation or execution of the Remote Monitoring and Management tool Atera.
- Effort: master
SEKOIA.IO Intelligence Feed
Detect threats based on indicators of compromise (IOCs) collected by SEKOIA's Threat and Detection Research team.
- Effort: elementary
Sekoia.io EICAR Detection
Detects observables in Sekoia.io CTI tagged as EICAR, which are fake samples meant to test detection.
- Effort: master
SharePoint Authenticated SSRF
Detects succesful SSRF from an authenticated SharePoint user.
- Effort: elementary
Sliver DNS Beaconing
Detects suspicious DNS queries known from Sliver beaconing
- Effort: intermediate
Suspicious Download Links From Legitimate Services
Detects users clicking on Google docs links to download suspicious files. This technique was used a lot by Bazar Loader in the past.
- Effort: intermediate
Suspicious File Name
Detects suspicious file name possibly linked to malicious tool.
- Effort: advanced
Suspicious PROCEXP152.sys File Created In Tmp
Detects the creation of the PROCEXP152.sys file in the application-data local temporary folder. This driver is used by Sysinternals Process Explorer but also by KDU (https://github.com/hfiref0x/KDU) or Ghost-In-The-Logs (https://github.com/bats3c/Ghost-In-The-Logs), which uses KDU. Note - Clever attackers may easily bypass this detection by just renaming the driver filename. Therefore just Medium-level and don't rely on it.
- Effort: advanced
Suspicious TOR Gateway
Detects suspicious TOR gateways. Gateways are often used by the victim to pay and decrypt the encrypted files without installing TOR. Tor intercepts the network traffic from one or more apps on user’s computer, usually the user web browser, and shuffles it through a number of randomly-chosen computers before passing it on to its destination. This disguises user location, and makes it harder for servers to pick him/her out on repeat visits, or to tie together separate visits to different sites, this making tracking and surveillance more difficult. Before a network packet starts its journey, user’s computer chooses a random list of relays and repeatedly encrypts the data in multiple layers, like an onion. Each relay knows only enough to strip off the outermost layer of encryption, before passing what’s left on to the next relay in the list.
- Effort: advanced
Suspicious URI Used In A Lazarus Campaign
Detects suspicious requests to a specific URI, usually on an .asp page. The website is often compromised.
- Effort: intermediate
Suspicious URL Requested By Curl Or Wget Commands
Correlation rule aiming to be multi-source to detect URL with suspicious files extensions (seen on a network level by proxies or firewalls) being requested by curl or wget processes (seen on a host level).
- Effort: advanced
TOR Usage Generic Rule
Detects TOR usage globally, whether the IP is a destination or source. TOR is short for The Onion Router, and it gets its name from how it works. TOR intercepts the network traffic from one or more apps on user’s computer, usually the user web browser, and shuffles it through a number of randomly-chosen computers before passing it on to its destination. This disguises user location, and makes it harder for servers to pick him/her out on repeat visits, or to tie together separate visits to different sites, this making tracking and surveillance more difficult. Before a network packet starts its journey, user’s computer chooses a random list of relays and repeatedly encrypts the data in multiple layers, like an onion. Each relay knows only enough to strip off the outermost layer of encryption, before passing what’s left on to the next relay in the list.
- Effort: master
Telegram Bot API Request
Detects suspicious DNS queries to api.telegram.org used by Telegram Bots of any kind
- Effort: advanced
TrevorC2 HTTP Communication
Detects TrevorC2 HTTP communication based on the HTTP request URI and the user-agent.
- Effort: elementary
WCE wceaux.dll Creation
Detects wceaux.dll creation while Windows Credentials Editor (WCE) is executed.
- Effort: intermediate
ZIP LNK Infection Chain
Detection of an ZIP download followed by a child-process of explorer, followed by multiple Windows processes.This is widely used as an infection chain mechanism.
- Effort: advanced
Zscaler ZIA Malicious Threat
Zscaler Internet Access has detected a network traffic as malicious
- Effort: master
Zscaler ZIA Suspicious Threat
Zscaler Internet Access has detected a network traffic as malicious
- Effort: master
Event Categories
The following table lists the data source offered by this integration.
Data Source | Description |
---|---|
File monitoring |
Monitor files and devices activities |
Process monitoring |
Monitor process activities |
Process use of network |
Monitor network activities |
In details, the following table denotes the type of events produced by this integration.
Name | Values |
---|---|
Kind | `` |
Category | authentication , configuration , network , process |
Type | change , connection , info , start |
Transformed Events Samples after Ingestion
This section demonstrates how the raw logs will be transformed by our parsers. It shows the extracted fields that will be available for use in the built-in detection rules and hunting activities in the events page. Understanding these transformations is essential for analysts to create effective detection mechanisms with custom detection rules and to leverage the full potential of the collected data.
{
"message": "{\"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-audit\",\"event\": {\"time\": \"Mon Aug 28 08:04:30 2023\",\"recordid\": \"0\",\"action\": \"UPDATE\",\"category\": \"Unknown\",\"subcategory\": \"Unknown\",\"resource\": \"com.zscaler.zapi.domain.nss.ZmanageNssFeed\",\"interface\": \"UI\",\"adminid\": \"None\",\"clientip\": \"1.2.3.4\",\"result\": \"SUCCESS\",\"errorcode\": \"None\",\"auditlogtype\": \"ZIA\",\"preaction\": \"Unknown\",\"postaction\": \"Unknown\"}}",
"event": {
"action": "update",
"category": [
"configuration"
],
"dataset": "audit",
"type": [
"change"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2023-08-28T08:04:30Z",
"related": {
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4"
]
},
"source": {
"address": "1.2.3.4",
"ip": "1.2.3.4"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"audit": {
"log_type": "ZIA"
},
"category": "Unknown",
"event": {
"outcome": "SUCCESS"
},
"resource": "com.zscaler.zapi.domain.nss.ZmanageNssFeed",
"source_type": "zscalernss-audit",
"sub_category": "Unknown"
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-audit\",\"event\": {\"time\": \"Mon Aug 28 08:04:30 2023\",\"recordid\": \"0\",\"action\": \"SIGN_IN\",\"category\": \"Unknown\",\"subcategory\": \"Unknown\",\"resource\": \"com.zscaler.zapi.domain.AuthCredentials\",\"interface\": \"UI\",\"adminid\": \"None\",\"clientip\": \"1.2.3.4\",\"result\": \"SUCCESS\",\"errorcode\": \"None\",\"auditlogtype\": \"ZIA\",\"preaction\": \"Unknown\",\"postaction\": \"Unknown\"}}",
"event": {
"action": "sign_in",
"category": [
"authentication"
],
"dataset": "audit",
"type": [
"start"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2023-08-28T08:04:30Z",
"related": {
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4"
]
},
"source": {
"address": "1.2.3.4",
"ip": "1.2.3.4"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"audit": {
"log_type": "ZIA"
},
"category": "Unknown",
"event": {
"outcome": "SUCCESS"
},
"resource": "com.zscaler.zapi.domain.AuthCredentials",
"source_type": "zscalernss-audit",
"sub_category": "Unknown"
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-casb\",\"event\": {\"login\": \"john.doe@example.org\",\"tenant\": \"example\",\"object_type\": \"0\",\"applicationname\": \"ONEDRIVE\",\"object_name_1\": \"sanity2022-09-04 00-06.pdf\",\"object_name_2\": \"Maverick\"}}",
"event": {
"category": [
"process"
],
"dataset": "casb",
"type": [
"info"
]
},
"file": {
"name": "sanity2022-09-04 00-06.pdf"
},
"network": {
"application": "ONEDRIVE"
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@example.org"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"source_type": "zscalernss-casb"
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-dns\",\"event\": {\"datetime\": \"Mon Aug 28 08:05:55 2023\",\"user\": \"john.doe@example.orf\",\"department\": \"Financial%20Dept\",\"location\": \"Road%20Warrior\",\"reqaction\": \"Allow\",\"resaction\": \"Allow\",\"reqrulelabel\": \"DNS_1\",\"resrulelabel\": \"Zscaler Bypass Traffic\",\"dns_reqtype\": \"AAAA\",\"dns_req\": \"test.example.org\",\"dns_resp\": \"NotFound\",\"srv_dport\": \"53\",\"durationms\": \"0\",\"clt_sip\": \"1.2.3.4\",\"srv_dip\": \"5.6.7.8\",\"category\": \"Corporate Marketing\",\"respipcategory\": \"Other\",\"deviceowner\": \"johndoe\",\"devicehostname\": \"hostname\"}}",
"event": {
"category": [
"network"
],
"dataset": "dns",
"type": [
"info"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2023-08-28T08:05:55Z",
"destination": {
"address": "5.6.7.8",
"ip": "5.6.7.8",
"port": 53
},
"dns": {
"question": {
"name": "test.example.org",
"registered_domain": "example.org",
"subdomain": "test",
"top_level_domain": "org",
"type": "AAAA"
},
"response_code": "NotFound"
},
"host": {
"name": "hostname"
},
"related": {
"hosts": [
"test.example.org"
],
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4",
"5.6.7.8"
],
"user": [
"johndoe"
]
},
"source": {
"address": "1.2.3.4",
"ip": "1.2.3.4"
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@example.orf",
"name": "johndoe"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"category": "Corporate Marketing",
"department": "Financial%20Dept",
"source_type": "zscalernss-dns"
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-fw\",\"event\": {\"datetime\": \"Mon Aug 28 15:43:59 2023\",\"user\": \"john.doe@example.org\",\"department\": \"Financial%20Dept\",\"locationname\": \"Road%20Warrior\",\"cdport\": \"443\",\"csport\": \"52352\",\"sdport\": \"443\",\"ssport\": \"43007\",\"csip\": \"1.2.3.4\",\"cdip\": \"1.2.3.4\",\"ssip\": \"5.6.7.8\",\"sdip\": \"5.6.7.8\",\"tsip\": \"0.0.0.0\",\"tunsport\": \"0\",\"tuntype\": \"ZscalerClientConnector\",\"action\": \"Allow\",\"dnat\": \"No\",\"stateful\": \"Yes\",\"aggregate\": \"Yes\",\"nwsvc\": \"HTTPS\",\"nwapp\": \"mozilla\",\"proto\": \"TCP\",\"ipcat\": \"Internet Services\",\"destcountry\": \"United States\",\"avgduration\": \"170000\",\"rulelabel\": \"Recommended%20Firewall%20Rule\",\"inbytes\": \"3367\",\"outbytes\": \"5894\",\"duration\": \"340\",\"durationms\": \"340000\",\"numsessions\": \"2\",\"ipsrulelabel\": \"None\",\"threatcat\": \"Threat category 2\",\"threatname\": \"Threat name 1\",\"deviceowner\": \"johndoe\",\"devicehostname\": \" \"}}",
"event": {
"action": "allow",
"category": [
"network"
],
"dataset": "firewall",
"duration": 340,
"type": [
"connection"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2023-08-28T15:43:59Z",
"destination": {
"address": "5.6.7.8",
"bytes": 5894,
"geo": {
"country_name": "United States"
},
"ip": "5.6.7.8",
"port": 443
},
"network": {
"protocol": "TCP"
},
"related": {
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4",
"5.6.7.8"
],
"user": [
"johndoe"
]
},
"source": {
"address": "1.2.3.4",
"bytes": 3367,
"ip": "1.2.3.4",
"port": 52352
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@example.org",
"name": "johndoe"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"avgduration": "170000",
"department": "Financial%20Dept",
"source_type": "zscalernss-fw",
"threat": {
"category": "Threat category 2",
"name": "Threat name 1"
},
"tuntype": "ZscalerClientConnector"
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-web\",\"event\": {\"datetime\": \"2023-08-28 15:43:14\",\"reason\": \"Allowed\",\"event_id\": \"1111111111111111111\",\"protocol\": \"SSL\",\"action\": \"Allowed\",\"transactionsize\": \"608\",\"responsesize\": \"0\",\"requestsize\": \"608\",\"urlcategory\": \"News and Media\",\"serverip\": \"5.6.7.8\",\"requestmethod\": \"NA\",\"refererURL\": \"None\",\"useragent\": \"Unknown\",\"product\": \"NSS\",\"location\": \"Road%20Warrior\",\"ClientIP\": \"1.2.3.4\",\"status\": \"NA\",\"user\": \"john.doe@example.org\",\"url\": \"a.et.nytimes.com\",\"vendor\": \"Zscaler\",\"hostname\": \"a.et.nytimes.com\",\"clientpublicIP\": \"4.3.2.1\",\"threatcategory\": \"Threat category 1\",\"threatname\": \"Threat Name 1\",\"filetype\": \"filetype 1\",\"appname\": \"General Browsing\",\"pagerisk\": \"0\",\"department\": \"Financial%20Dept\",\"urlsupercategory\": \"News and Media\",\"appclass\": \"General Browsing\",\"dlpengine\": \"None\",\"urlclass\": \"Bandwidth Loss\",\"threatclass\": \"threat class # 1\",\"dlpdictionaries\": \"None\",\"fileclass\": \"None\",\"bwthrottle\": \"NO\",\"contenttype\": \"Other\",\"unscannabletype\": \"None\",\"deviceowner\": \"johndoe\",\"devicehostname\": \" \",\"keyprotectiontype\": \"N/A\"}}",
"event": {
"action": "allowed",
"category": [
"network"
],
"dataset": "web",
"type": [
"info"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2023-08-28T15:43:14Z",
"destination": {
"address": "a.et.nytimes.com",
"domain": "a.et.nytimes.com",
"ip": "5.6.7.8",
"registered_domain": "nytimes.com",
"subdomain": "a.et",
"top_level_domain": "com"
},
"file": {
"type": "filetype 1"
},
"http": {
"request": {
"bytes": 608,
"method": "NA"
},
"response": {
"bytes": 0,
"mime_type": "Other"
}
},
"network": {
"protocol": "SSL"
},
"related": {
"hosts": [
"a.et.nytimes.com"
],
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4",
"5.6.7.8"
],
"user": [
"johndoe"
]
},
"server": {
"ip": "5.6.7.8"
},
"source": {
"address": "1.2.3.4",
"ip": "1.2.3.4"
},
"url": {
"domain": "a.et.nytimes.com",
"original": "a.et.nytimes.com",
"path": "a.et.nytimes.com"
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@example.org",
"name": "johndoe"
},
"user_agent": {
"device": {
"name": "Other"
},
"name": "Other",
"original": "Unknown",
"os": {
"name": "Other"
}
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"appname": "General Browsing",
"department": "Financial%20Dept",
"event_id": "1111111111111111111",
"keyprotectiontype": "N/A",
"product": "NSS",
"source_type": "zscalernss-web",
"threat": {
"category": "Threat category 1",
"class": "threat class # 1",
"name": "Threat Name 1"
},
"vendor": "Zscaler"
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-web\",\"event\": {\"datetime\": \"2023-08-28 15:43:14\",\"reason\": \"Allowed\",\"event_id\": \"1111111111111111111\",\"protocol\": \"SSL\",\"action\": \"Allowed\",\"transactionsize\": \"608\",\"responsesize\": \"0\",\"requestsize\": \"608\",\"urlcategory\": \"News and Media\",\"serverip\": \"5.6.7.8\",\"requestmethod\": \"NA\",\"refererURL\": \"None\",\"useragent\": \"Unknown\",\"product\": \"NSS\",\"location\": \"Road%20Warrior\",\"ClientIP\": \"1.2.3.4\",\"status\": \"NA\",\"user\": \"john.doe@example.org\",\"url\": \"ctldl.windowsupdate.com/msdownload/update/v3/static/trustedr/en/pinrulesstl.cab?9ea4b61fd3501b07\",\"vendor\": \"Zscaler\",\"hostname\": \"a.et.nytimes.com\",\"clientpublicIP\": \"4.3.2.1\",\"threatcategory\": \"Threat category 1\",\"threatname\": \"Threat Name 1\",\"filetype\": \"filetype 1\",\"appname\": \"General Browsing\",\"pagerisk\": \"0\",\"department\": \"Financial%20Dept\",\"urlsupercategory\": \"News and Media\",\"appclass\": \"General Browsing\",\"dlpengine\": \"None\",\"urlclass\": \"Bandwidth Loss\",\"threatclass\": \"threat class # 1\",\"dlpdictionaries\": \"None\",\"fileclass\": \"None\",\"bwthrottle\": \"NO\",\"contenttype\": \"Other\",\"unscannabletype\": \"None\",\"deviceowner\": \"johndoe\",\"devicehostname\": \" \",\"keyprotectiontype\": \"N/A\"}}",
"event": {
"action": "allowed",
"category": [
"network"
],
"dataset": "web",
"type": [
"info"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2023-08-28T15:43:14Z",
"destination": {
"address": "a.et.nytimes.com",
"domain": "a.et.nytimes.com",
"ip": "5.6.7.8",
"registered_domain": "nytimes.com",
"subdomain": "a.et",
"top_level_domain": "com"
},
"file": {
"type": "filetype 1"
},
"http": {
"request": {
"bytes": 608,
"method": "NA"
},
"response": {
"bytes": 0,
"mime_type": "Other"
}
},
"network": {
"protocol": "SSL"
},
"related": {
"hosts": [
"a.et.nytimes.com",
"ctldl.windowsupdate.com"
],
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4",
"5.6.7.8"
],
"user": [
"johndoe"
]
},
"server": {
"ip": "5.6.7.8"
},
"source": {
"address": "1.2.3.4",
"ip": "1.2.3.4"
},
"url": {
"domain": "ctldl.windowsupdate.com",
"original": "ctldl.windowsupdate.com/msdownload/update/v3/static/trustedr/en/pinrulesstl.cab?9ea4b61fd3501b07",
"path": "msdownload/update/v3/static/trustedr/en/pinrulesstl.cab",
"query": "9ea4b61fd3501b07"
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@example.org",
"name": "johndoe"
},
"user_agent": {
"device": {
"name": "Other"
},
"name": "Other",
"original": "Unknown",
"os": {
"name": "Other"
}
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"appname": "General Browsing",
"department": "Financial%20Dept",
"event_id": "1111111111111111111",
"keyprotectiontype": "N/A",
"product": "NSS",
"source_type": "zscalernss-web",
"threat": {
"category": "Threat category 1",
"class": "threat class # 1",
"name": "Threat Name 1"
},
"vendor": "Zscaler"
}
}
}
{
"message": "{ \"sourcetype\" : \"zscalernss-web\", \"event\" : {\"datetime\":\"2024-08-26 13:27:54\",\"reason\":\"Allowed\",\"event_id\":\"1111111111111111\",\"protocol\":\"HTTPS\",\"action\":\"Allowed\",\"transactionsize\":\"1706\",\"responsesize\":\"758\",\"requestsize\":\"948\",\"urlcategory\":\"Online Chat\",\"serverip\":\"1.2.3.4\",\"requestmethod\":\"GET\",\"refererURL\":\"exemple.url.com/\",\"useragent\":\"Mozilla/5.0%20(Windows%20NT%2010.0;%20Win64;%20x64)%20AppleWebKit/537.36%20(KHTML%2c%20like%20Gecko)%20Chrome/128.0.0.0%20Safari/537.36\",\"product\":\"NSS\",\"location\":\"FR-Re\",\"ClientIP\":\"5.6.7.8\",\"status\":\"200\",\"user\":\"john.doe@mail.com\",\"url\":\"api.chat.org/bot/sendmessage\",\"vendor\":\"Zscaler\",\"hostname\":\"api.chat.org\",\"clientpublicIP\":\"5.6.7.8\",\"threatcategory\":\"None\",\"threatname\":\"None\",\"filetype\":\"None\",\"appname\":\"Random Chat\",\"pagerisk\":\"10\",\"department\":\"FR\",\"urlsupercategory\":\"Internet Communication\",\"appclass\":\"Sales and Marketing\",\"dlpengine\":\"None\",\"urlclass\":\"Business Use\",\"threatclass\":\"None\",\"dlpdictionaries\":\"None\",\"fileclass\":\"None\",\"bwthrottle\":\"NO\",\"contenttype\":\"application/json\",\"unscannabletype\":\"None\",\"deviceowner\":\"NA\",\"devicehostname\":\"NA\",\"keyprotectiontype\":\"Software Protection\"}}",
"event": {
"action": "allowed",
"category": [
"network"
],
"dataset": "web",
"type": [
"info"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2024-08-26T13:27:54Z",
"destination": {
"address": "api.chat.org",
"domain": "api.chat.org",
"ip": "1.2.3.4",
"registered_domain": "chat.org",
"subdomain": "api",
"top_level_domain": "org"
},
"host": {
"name": "NA"
},
"http": {
"request": {
"bytes": 948,
"method": "GET",
"referrer": "exemple.url.com/"
},
"response": {
"bytes": 758,
"mime_type": "application/json"
}
},
"network": {
"protocol": "HTTPS"
},
"related": {
"hosts": [
"api.chat.org"
],
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4",
"5.6.7.8"
],
"user": [
"NA"
]
},
"server": {
"ip": "1.2.3.4"
},
"source": {
"address": "5.6.7.8",
"ip": "5.6.7.8"
},
"url": {
"domain": "api.chat.org",
"original": "api.chat.org/bot/sendmessage",
"path": "bot/sendmessage"
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@mail.com",
"name": "NA"
},
"user_agent": {
"device": {
"name": "Other"
},
"name": "Chrome",
"original": "Mozilla/5.0%20(Windows%20NT%2010.0;%20Win64;%20x64)%20AppleWebKit/537.36%20(KHTML%2c%20like%20Gecko)%20Chrome/128.0.0.0%20Safari/537.36",
"os": {
"name": "Windows"
},
"version": "128.0.0"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"appname": "Random Chat",
"department": "FR",
"event_id": "1111111111111111",
"keyprotectiontype": "Software Protection",
"product": "NSS",
"source_type": "zscalernss-web",
"vendor": "Zscaler"
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\n \"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-casb\",\n \"event\": {\n \"datetime\": \"Wed Aug 17 15:35:15 2022\",\n \"recordid\": \"7132869149011804161\",\n \"company\": \"Example\",\n \"tenant\": \"example-tenant\",\n \"login\": \"john.doe@example.onmicrosoft.com\",\n \"dept\": \"Financial%20Dept\",\n \"applicationname\": \"SHAREPOINT\",\n \"filename\": \"sanity2022-08-16 14-03.pdf\",\n \"filesource\": \"/sites/tanya/Shared%20Documents/Activity\",\n \"filemd5\": \"01565bf41f1cb993d69334f409835293\",\n \"threatname\": \"malpdf\",\n \"policy\": \"Quarantine Malware\",\n \"dlpdictnames\": null,\n \"dlpdictcount\": null,\n \"dlpenginenames\": null,\n \"fullurl\": \"https://example.org/sites/\",\n \"lastmodtime\": \"Tue Aug 16 14:03:13 2022\",\n \"filescantimems\": \"537\",\n \"filedownloadtimems\": \"435\"\n }\n}\n",
"event": {
"category": [
"process"
],
"dataset": "casb",
"type": [
"info"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2022-08-17T15:35:15Z",
"file": {
"directory": "/sites/tanya/Shared%20Documents/Activity",
"hash": {
"md5": "01565bf41f1cb993d69334f409835293"
},
"name": "sanity2022-08-16 14-03.pdf"
},
"network": {
"application": "SHAREPOINT"
},
"organization": {
"name": "Example"
},
"related": {
"hash": [
"01565bf41f1cb993d69334f409835293"
]
},
"url": {
"domain": "example.org",
"original": "https://example.org/sites/",
"path": "/sites/",
"port": 443,
"registered_domain": "example.org",
"scheme": "https",
"top_level_domain": "org"
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@example.onmicrosoft.com"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"source_type": "zscalernss-casb",
"threat": {
"name": "malpdf"
}
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\n \"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-tunnel\",\n \"event\": {\n \"datetime\": \"Thu Jun 23 16:24:59 2022\",\n \"Recordtype\": \"Tunnel Samples\",\n \"tunneltype\": \"GRE\",\n \"user\": \"john.doe@example.org\",\n \"location\": \"Road%20Warrior\",\n \"sourceip\": \"1.2.3.4\",\n \"destinationip\": \"5.6.7.8\",\n \"sourceport\": \"4535\",\n \"event\": \"PHASE1_ERROR\",\n \"eventreason\": \"TIMEOUT\",\n \"recordid\": \"7112472280601133057\"\n }\n}\n",
"event": {
"category": [
"network"
],
"dataset": "tunnel",
"type": [
"connection"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2022-06-23T16:24:59Z",
"destination": {
"address": "5.6.7.8",
"ip": "5.6.7.8"
},
"error": {
"code": "TIMEOUT"
},
"network": {
"type": "GRE"
},
"related": {
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4",
"5.6.7.8"
]
},
"source": {
"address": "1.2.3.4",
"ip": "1.2.3.4",
"port": 4535
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@example.org"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"event": {
"outcome": "failure"
},
"source_type": "zscalernss-tunnel",
"tunnel": {
"status": "PHASE1_ERROR"
}
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\n \"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-tunnel\",\n \"event\": {\n \"datetime\": \"Thu Jun 23 16:24:59 2022\",\n \"Recordtype\": \"Tunnel Samples\",\n \"tunneltype\": \"ipsec\",\n \"user\": \"john.doe@example.org\",\n \"location\": \"Road%20Warrior\",\n \"sourceip\": \"1.2.3.4\",\n \"destinationip\": \"5.6.7.8\",\n \"sourceport\": \"4535\",\n \"sourceportstart\": \"10432\",\n \"destinationportstart\": \"23456\",\n \"srcipstart\": \"1.1.5.0\",\n \"srcipend\": \"1.2.123.254\",\n \"destinationipstart\": \"5.2.1.1\",\n \"destinationipend\": \"5.200.123.254\",\n \"lifetime\": \"3600\",\n \"ikeversion\": \"1\",\n \"lifebytes\": \"1560\",\n \"spi\": \"1111111111111111\",\n \"algo\": \"BLOWFISH_CBC\",\n \"authentication\": \"HMAC_SHA256\",\n \"authtype\": \"RSAENC\",\n \"protocol\": \"TCP\",\n \"tunnelprotocol\": \"ESP\",\n \"policydirection\": null,\n \"recordid\": \"7112472280601133057\"\n }\n}\n",
"event": {
"category": [
"network"
],
"dataset": "tunnel",
"type": [
"connection"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2022-06-23T16:24:59Z",
"destination": {
"address": "5.6.7.8",
"ip": "5.6.7.8"
},
"network": {
"protocol": "TCP",
"type": "ipsec"
},
"related": {
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4",
"5.6.7.8"
]
},
"source": {
"address": "1.2.3.4",
"ip": "1.2.3.4",
"port": 4535
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@example.org"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"event": {
"outcome": "success"
},
"source_type": "zscalernss-tunnel",
"tunnel": {
"ikeversion": "1"
}
}
}
}
{
"message": "{\n \"sourcetype\": \"zscalernss-tunnel\",\n \"event\": {\n \"datetime\": \"Thu Jun 23 16:24:59 2022\",\n \"Recordtype\": \"Tunnel Samples\",\n \"tunneltype\": \"ipsec\",\n \"user\": \"john.doe@example.org\",\n \"location\": \"Road%20Warrior\",\n \"sourceip\": \"1.2.3.4\",\n \"destinationip\": \"5.6.7.8\",\n \"sourceport\": \"4535\",\n \"destinationport\": \"4564\",\n \"lifetime\": \"3600\",\n \"ikeversion\": \"1\",\n \"spi_in\": \"1111111\",\n \"spi_out\": \"22222222\",\n \"algo\": \"BLOWFISH_CBC\",\n \"authentication\": \"HMAC_SHA256\",\n \"authtype\": \"RSAENC\",\n \"recordid\": \"7112472280601133057\"\n }\n}\n",
"event": {
"category": [
"network"
],
"dataset": "tunnel",
"type": [
"connection"
]
},
"@timestamp": "2022-06-23T16:24:59Z",
"destination": {
"address": "5.6.7.8",
"ip": "5.6.7.8"
},
"network": {
"type": "ipsec"
},
"related": {
"ip": [
"1.2.3.4",
"5.6.7.8"
]
},
"source": {
"address": "1.2.3.4",
"ip": "1.2.3.4",
"port": 4535
},
"user": {
"email": "john.doe@example.org"
},
"zscaler": {
"zia": {
"event": {
"outcome": "success"
},
"source_type": "zscalernss-tunnel",
"tunnel": {
"ikeversion": "1"
}
}
}
}
Extracted Fields
The following table lists the fields that are extracted, normalized under the ECS format, analyzed and indexed by the parser. It should be noted that infered fields are not listed.
Name | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
@timestamp |
date |
Date/time when the event originated. |
destination.bytes |
long |
Bytes sent from the destination to the source. |
destination.domain |
keyword |
The domain name of the destination. |
destination.geo.country_name |
keyword |
Country name. |
destination.ip |
ip |
IP address of the destination. |
destination.port |
long |
Port of the destination. |
dns.question.name |
keyword |
The name being queried. |
dns.question.type |
keyword |
The type of record being queried. |
dns.response_code |
keyword |
The DNS response code. |
error.code |
keyword |
Error code describing the error. |
event.action |
keyword |
The action captured by the event. |
event.category |
keyword |
Event category. The second categorization field in the hierarchy. |
event.duration |
long |
Duration of the event in nanoseconds. |
event.type |
keyword |
Event type. The third categorization field in the hierarchy. |
file.directory |
keyword |
Directory where the file is located. |
file.hash.md5 |
keyword |
MD5 hash. |
file.name |
keyword |
Name of the file including the extension, without the directory. |
file.type |
keyword |
File type (file, dir, or symlink). |
host.name |
keyword |
Name of the host. |
http.request.bytes |
long |
Total size in bytes of the request (body and headers). |
http.request.method |
keyword |
HTTP request method. |
http.request.referrer |
keyword |
Referrer for this HTTP request. |
http.response.bytes |
long |
Total size in bytes of the response (body and headers). |
http.response.mime_type |
keyword |
Mime type of the body of the response. |
http.response.status_code |
long |
HTTP response status code. |
network.application |
keyword |
Application level protocol name. |
network.protocol |
keyword |
Application protocol name. |
network.type |
keyword |
In the OSI Model this would be the Network Layer. ipv4, ipv6, ipsec, pim, etc |
organization.name |
keyword |
Organization name. |
server.ip |
ip |
IP address of the server. |
source.bytes |
long |
Bytes sent from the source to the destination. |
source.ip |
ip |
IP address of the source. |
source.port |
long |
Port of the source. |
url.domain |
keyword |
Domain of the url. |
url.original |
wildcard |
Unmodified original url as seen in the event source. |
url.path |
wildcard |
Path of the request, such as "/search". |
url.query |
keyword |
Query string of the request. |
user.email |
keyword |
User email address. |
user.name |
keyword |
Short name or login of the user. |
user_agent.original |
keyword |
Unparsed user_agent string. |
zscaler.zia.appname |
keyword |
ZScaler app name |
zscaler.zia.audit.log_type |
keyword |
ZScaler audit log type |
zscaler.zia.avgduration |
keyword |
ZScaler average duration |
zscaler.zia.category |
keyword |
ZScaler category |
zscaler.zia.department |
keyword |
ZScaler department |
zscaler.zia.event.outcome |
keyword |
ZScaler event outcome |
zscaler.zia.event_id |
keyword |
ZScaler event ID |
zscaler.zia.keyprotectiontype |
keyword |
ZScaler key protection type |
zscaler.zia.product |
keyword |
ZScaler product |
zscaler.zia.resource |
keyword |
ZScaler resource |
zscaler.zia.source_type |
keyword |
ZScaler source type |
zscaler.zia.sub_category |
keyword |
ZScaler sub category |
zscaler.zia.threat.category |
keyword |
ZScaler threat category |
zscaler.zia.threat.class |
keyword |
ZScaler threat class |
zscaler.zia.threat.name |
keyword |
ZScaler threat name |
zscaler.zia.tunnel.ikeversion |
keyword |
ZScaler IKE Version of the tunnel |
zscaler.zia.tunnel.status |
keyword |
ZScaler status of the tunnel |
zscaler.zia.tuntype |
keyword |
ZScaler tunel type |
zscaler.zia.vendor |
keyword |
ZScaler vendor |
For more information on the Intake Format, please find the code of the Parser, Smart Descriptions, and Supported Events here.